Guatemala enchants with its vibrant Mayan heritage, colonial charm, and breathtaking landscapes. Wander cobblestone streets in Antigua, explore ancient ruins at Tikal, or sail across Lake Atitlán’s volcanic shores. From bustling markets bursting with color to misty highland jungles, this Central American gem offers a rich tapestry of culture, adventure, and natural beauty—all waiting to be discovered.

Country Facts

• Official Name: Republic of Guatemala
• Continent: North America
• Time zone(s): Central Standard Time (UTC-6)
• Capital City: Guatemala City
• Population: Approximately 17.6 million (2023 estimate)
• Official Language(s): Spanish
• Government Type: Presidential republic
• Primary Economy Sectors: Agriculture (coffee, sugar, bananas), textiles, tourism, and remittances
• Currency: Guatemalan Quetzal (GTQ)
• Voltage and Plug Type(s): 120V, Type A and B plugs
• International Calling Code: +502
• Main International Airport(s): La Aurora International Airport (GUA, Guatemala City)

Regions at a Glance

Western Highlands

• Geographical Features: Volcanic mountains, lush valleys, and highland plateaus, including iconic peaks like Volcán Tajumulco (Central America's highest).
• Main Cities & Attractions: Quetzaltenango (Xela), Lake Atitlán, Chichicastenango Market, and the Fuentes Georginas hot springs.
• Cultural & Historical Highlights: Strong indigenous Maya presence (K'iche', Kaqchikel), vibrant textiles, and colonial-era towns with cobblestone streets.
• Economic & Lifestyle Characteristics: Agriculture (coffee, maize), handicrafts, and a mix of traditional rural life and growing tourism.

Central Plains (Altiplano & Guatemala City)

• Geographical Features: Rolling highlands, fertile valleys, and the sprawling metropolitan area of Guatemala City.
• Main Cities & Attractions: Guatemala City (capital), Antigua Guatemala (UNESCO World Heritage Site), Pacaya Volcano.
• Cultural & Historical Highlights: Spanish colonial legacy, Baroque architecture in Antigua, and bustling urban culture in the capital.
• Economic & Lifestyle Characteristics: Commercial and political hub, coffee production, and a blend of modern urban living and historic preservation.

Petén (Northern Lowlands)

• Geographical Features: Dense tropical rainforests, wetlands, and the vast Maya Biosphere Reserve.
• Main Cities & Attractions: Flores (lake island town), Tikal National Park (ancient Maya ruins), Yaxhá, and El Mirador.
• Cultural & Historical Highlights: Heartland of the ancient Maya civilization, with towering pyramids and jungle-covered archaeological sites.
• Economic & Lifestyle Characteristics: Eco-tourism, agriculture (oil palm), and a slower-paced, nature-focused way of life.

No related destinations found for this zone.

Money Matters

Currency

The official currency of Guatemala is the Guatemalan Quetzal (GTQ). While the Quetzal is the primary currency, US Dollars (USD) are often accepted in tourist areas, hotels, and larger establishments. However, exchange rates may not be favorable, so it's best to carry local currency for smaller purchases.

Cash & ATMs

Cash is king in Guatemala, especially in rural areas and smaller towns. ATMs are widely available in cities and tourist hotspots, but reliability can vary. Look for ATMs inside banks or shopping centers for added security.

• Withdrawal limits typically range from GTQ 1,500 to GTQ 3,000 per transaction.
• Fees can be high (GTQ 20–40 per withdrawal), so withdrawing larger amounts less frequently is advisable.
• Notify your bank before traveling to avoid card blocks.

Credit & Debit Cards

Major credit and debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted in upscale hotels, restaurants, and larger stores, but American Express is less common. Smaller businesses and markets often prefer cash.

• Some establishments add a 3–7% surcharge for card payments.
• Carry a backup card in case of issues with primary cards.

Tipping Etiquette

Tipping is appreciated but not always expected. Here’s a quick guide:

• Restaurants: 10% is customary if service isn’t included.
• Tour guides: GTQ 50–100 per day, depending on the tour.
• Hotel staff: GTQ 10–20 for bellboys or housekeeping.
• Taxis: Round up the fare or tip 5–10% for good service.

Bargaining/Haggling

Bargaining is common in local markets, especially for handicrafts, souvenirs, and non-fixed-price items. Start by offering 50–60% of the initial price and negotiate politely. Avoid haggling in supermarkets or formal stores.

General Cost of Travel

Guatemala is budget-friendly compared to the US or Western Europe. Here’s a rough breakdown:

• Budget travelers: GTQ 150–300 per day (hostels, street food, public transport).
• Mid-range travelers: GTQ 300–800 per day (comfortable hotels, restaurant meals, private tours).
• Luxury travelers: GTQ 800+ per day (high-end hotels, fine dining, private transfers).

Taxes

Guatemala has a 12% VAT (IVA) on most goods and services, which is usually included in prices. Tourists cannot claim VAT refunds, so keep this in mind for larger purchases.

Packing List

Clothing

Guatemala's diverse climates mean packing versatile layers is key. For coastal and lowland areas, lightweight, breathable fabrics like cotton or linen are ideal. In the highlands, evenings can be chilly, so pack a fleece or light jacket. During the wet season, a compact rain jacket or poncho is essential. For religious sites or rural villages, modest attire (covered shoulders and knees) is respectful. Swimwear is a must for beach trips or hot springs.

• Lightweight, quick-dry shirts and pants
• Warm layers (fleece, sweater) for highlands
• Rain jacket or poncho (wet season)
• Modest clothing for religious sites
• Swimwear and a quick-dry towel
• Sun hat or cap

Footwear

Guatemala's terrain ranges from cobblestone streets to rugged hiking trails. Comfortable walking shoes are a must, while sturdy hiking boots are recommended for volcano treks or jungle excursions. Sandals are great for coastal areas but opt for closed-toe styles in rural or muddy regions.

• Sturdy hiking boots or trail shoes
• Comfortable walking shoes (e.g., sneakers)
• Quick-dry sandals (e.g., Tevas or Chacos)
• Waterproof shoes (wet season)

Toiletries & Medications

Guatemala's tropical climate calls for strong sun protection and insect repellent. Bring a basic first-aid kit, including antidiarrheal medication and rehydration salts. Prescription medications should be packed in their original containers. Tap water is not safe to drink, so include water purification tablets or a filter.

• High-SPF sunscreen (reef-safe for coastal areas)
• DEET-based insect repellent
• Basic first-aid kit (bandages, antiseptic, pain relievers)
• Antidiarrheal medication and rehydration salts
• Prescription medications (with original labels)
• Water purification tablets or filter

Electronics

Guatemala uses Type A and B plugs (120V, 60Hz), so bring a universal adapter if needed. A power bank is handy for long excursions, and a waterproof phone case can protect against rain or humidity. A camera is a must for capturing Guatemala's stunning landscapes.

• Universal adapter (Type A/B)
• Power bank
• Waterproof phone case or dry bag
• Camera with extra memory cards

Documents & Money

Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your stay. While visas aren't required for many travelers, check entry requirements. Carry some USD or GTQ (Quetzales) for small purchases, as credit cards aren't accepted everywhere. Travel insurance with medical coverage is highly recommended.

• Passport (valid for 6+ months)
• Printed copies of travel insurance and itinerary
• Credit/debit cards (notify your bank of travel)
• Small amount of USD and GTQ (Quetzales)

Miscellaneous/Useful Items

A reusable water bottle with a filter saves money and reduces plastic waste. A small backpack is perfect for day trips, while a Spanish phrasebook can help bridge language gaps. Don't forget sun protection and a lightweight scarf for chilly evenings or modesty.

• Reusable water bottle with filter
• Small daypack or crossbody bag
• Spanish phrasebook or translation app
• Sunglasses with UV protection
• Lightweight scarf or sarong

Healthcare Requirements

Recommended & Required Vaccinations

Before traveling to Guatemala, ensure your routine vaccinations (such as MMR, Tetanus-Diphtheria-Pertussis, and Polio) are up-to-date. The following vaccines are also recommended:

• Hepatitis A & B: Recommended for all travelers due to potential exposure through contaminated food, water, or bodily fluids.
• Typhoid: Advised for those eating street food or traveling to rural areas.
• Rabies: Consider if planning outdoor activities or prolonged stays in remote regions.
• Yellow Fever: Required if arriving from a country with risk of transmission. Some rural areas in Guatemala may also pose a risk.

Malaria & Mosquito-Borne Illnesses

Malaria is present in low-altitude regions, particularly below 1,500 meters (e.g., Petén, Alta Verapaz). Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya are also risks nationwide. Prevention tips:

• Use EPA-registered insect repellent with DEET, picaridin, or IR3535.
• Wear long-sleeved clothing and sleep under mosquito nets in high-risk areas.
• Consider antimalarial medication if visiting endemic regions—consult a doctor.

Food & Water Safety

Travelers’ diarrhea is common. To minimize risk:

• Drink bottled or purified water; avoid ice in drinks.
• Eat thoroughly cooked foods and avoid raw vegetables or unpeeled fruits.
• Choose busy restaurants with high turnover to ensure freshness.

Sun & Heat Protection

Guatemala’s tropical climate requires sun protection, especially in coastal and lowland areas:

• Use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+).
• Wear a hat and sunglasses, and stay hydrated.

Altitude Sickness

High-altitude destinations like Antigua, Lake Atitlán, and Quetzaltenango (over 1,500 meters) may cause altitude sickness. To acclimatize:

• Ascend gradually and rest upon arrival.
• Avoid alcohol and heavy meals initially.
• Stay hydrated and consider over-the-counter remedies if needed.

Local Medical Facilities

Private hospitals in Guatemala City offer adequate care, but rural areas have limited facilities. Pharmacies are widely available, but bring essential medications. Ensure travel insurance covers medical evacuation.

Travel Insurance

Comprehensive travel insurance with medical coverage is strongly recommended, including emergency evacuation due to variable healthcare standards.

Specific Local Health Risks

Other risks include:

• Chagas Disease: Rare but possible in rural areas; avoid sleeping in mud-thatch huts.
• Seasonal Risks: Heavy rains (May–October) increase mosquito-borne illnesses and road hazards.

Disclaimer: This information is general advice. Consult a healthcare provider or travel clinic for personalized recommendations before your trip.

Visa Requirements

General Visa Policy

Guatemala allows many nationalities to enter visa-free for tourism purposes, typically for stays of up to 90 days. However, visa requirements vary depending on the traveler's nationality, so it's essential to verify before departure.

Specific Nationalities

• USA: No visa required for stays up to 90 days.
• Canada: No visa required for stays up to 90 days.
• UK: No visa required for stays up to 90 days.
• Schengen Area countries: No visa required for stays up to 90 days.
• Australia: No visa required for stays up to 90 days.

Passport Validity

Travelers must have a passport valid for at least six months beyond their intended stay in Guatemala.

Other Entry Requirements

• Proof of onward travel (e.g., return ticket) may be requested upon entry.
• Proof of sufficient funds for the duration of stay is sometimes checked.
• Travel insurance is not mandatory but highly recommended.

Official Sources

Important: Visa policies can change without notice. Always verify current requirements with the official Guatemalan embassy or consulate in your country or visit the official government immigration website before traveling. [Link to Official Government Visa Portal or Embassy Website]

Safety

• General Safety Level: Guatemala offers vibrant culture and stunning landscapes, but travelers should remain vigilant. While violent crime against tourists is rare, petty crime and opportunistic theft are common in urban and tourist-heavy areas. Stay aware of your surroundings and follow local advice.

• Petty Crime: Pickpocketing and bag-snatching occur, especially in crowded markets, bus stations, and tourist zones like Antigua and Guatemala City.
  • Protect Valuables: Use a money belt or hidden pouch for passports and cash. Avoid displaying expensive jewelry, cameras, or phones.
  • Scams: Be wary of overly friendly strangers offering unsolicited help or deals. Only use official tour operators and taxis.

• Transportation Safety:
  • Taxis: Use authorized taxi services (like Uber or pre-arranged hotel taxis) rather than hailing cabs on the street. Verify the driver’s identity before entering.
  • Public Buses: Chicken buses (colorful repurposed school buses) are cheap but prone to theft. Opt for tourist shuttles for long-distance travel.
  • Driving: Road conditions can be poor, and traffic rules are loosely followed. Avoid driving at night due to hazards like unlit roads and occasional carjackings.

• Solo Travel Considerations: Solo travelers, especially women, should exercise extra caution.
  • Accommodation: Choose reputable hostels or hotels with good reviews and security measures.
  • Night Outings: Avoid walking alone at night; use trusted transportation even for short distances.
  • Socializing: Be cautious when accepting invitations from strangers and avoid sharing travel plans publicly.

• Areas to Be Cautious: Some neighborhoods in Guatemala City (e.g., Zones 1, 3, and 18) have higher crime rates. Rural areas near borders (e.g., with Honduras or El Salvador) may have sporadic gang activity. Research current conditions before visiting off-the-beaten-path locations.

• Night Safety: Stick to well-lit, populated areas after dark. Avoid carrying large amounts of cash or valuables. Many restaurants and bars in tourist areas are safe, but always arrange a ride back to your accommodation in advance.

• Natural Hazards: Guatemala is prone to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions (e.g., Pacaya and Fuego), and hurricanes (June–November). Stay informed about local alerts and follow evacuation instructions if needed.

• Local Laws & Customs to Respect:
  • Drug Laws: Penalties for drug possession are severe, even for small amounts.
  • Photography: Always ask permission before photographing locals, especially Indigenous communities.
  • Cultural Sensitivity: Dress modestly in rural areas and religious sites. Avoid touching ancient ruins or artifacts at archaeological sites.

• Emergency Preparedness:
  • Documents: Keep digital and physical copies of your passport, visa, and travel insurance separate from the originals.
  • Emergency Contacts: Save local emergency numbers (e.g., 110 for police, 120 for medical) and your embassy’s contact details.
  • Travel Insurance: Ensure your policy covers theft, medical emergencies, and natural disasters.

• Disclaimer: Safety conditions can change rapidly; check your government’s latest travel advisories for Guatemala before departure.

Getting Around

Public Transportation

Guatemala’s public transportation primarily consists of colorful, repurposed school buses known as “chicken buses” (camionetas), which are the most affordable way to travel between cities and towns. These buses are frequent but can be crowded and slow. For shorter urban routes, microbuses (small vans) are common. While cheap, they lack schedules and can be confusing for first-time visitors.

• Cost: Chicken buses cost around Q10–Q50 (USD 1.30–6.50) depending on distance.
• Safety: Keep valuables secure, as pickpocketing is a risk on crowded buses.
• Tip: Ask locals for the correct bus, as routes are rarely marked in English.

Taxis & Ride-Sharing

Taxis are widely available in cities like Guatemala City and Antigua. Official taxis are yellow and metered, but drivers often negotiate fares. Ride-sharing apps like Uber and InDriver operate in major cities and are safer and more reliable than street taxis.

• Cost: Short rides start around Q30–Q50 (USD 4–6.50). Uber is similarly priced.
• Safety: Use ride-sharing apps or request taxis through your hotel for security.
• Tip: Confirm the fare or meter use before starting your trip.

Car Rentals

Renting a car offers flexibility for exploring rural areas, but driving in Guatemala can be challenging due to unpredictable traffic, poor road conditions, and occasional safety concerns. 4×4 vehicles are recommended for mountainous or unpaved routes.

• Cost: Rentals start at around Q300–Q600 (USD 40–80) per day, including insurance.
• Requirements: A valid driver’s license and passport are needed; some agencies require an international permit.
• Tip: Avoid driving at night due to poor visibility and security risks.

Domestic Flights

Domestic flights are limited but useful for reaching remote destinations like Flores (for Tikal). TAG Airlines and Transportes Aéreos Guatemaltecos operate routes between Guatemala City, Flores, and Quetzaltenango.

• Cost: One-way flights from Guatemala City to Flores start around Q800–Q1,200 (USD 100–150).
• Booking: Book in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.
• Tip: Flights are often delayed; pack patience.

Ferries & Boats

Ferries and lanchas (small boats) are essential for exploring Lake Atitlán and the Río Dulce region. Public boats are inexpensive but can be overcrowded; private charters are also available.

• Cost: Public lanchas cost Q25–Q50 (USD 3.25–6.50) per trip on Lake Atitlán.
• Safety: Wear a life jacket, especially on smaller boats.
• Tip: Negotiate fares for private boats in advance.

Other Local Transport

Tuk-tuks (motorized rickshaws) are common in smaller towns like Antigua and Panajachel, offering short, cheap rides. For adventure seekers, shuttle buses cater to tourists traveling between popular destinations like Antigua, Lanquín (Semuc Champey), and Flores.

• Cost: Tuk-tuks charge Q10–Q20 (USD 1.30–2.60) for short distances.
• Shuttles: Tourist shuttles cost Q150–Q300 (USD 20–40) per trip but are more comfortable.
• Tip: Book shuttles through reputable agencies for reliability.

Culture

• Traditions & Customs: Guatemalan culture is deeply rooted in Mayan heritage, with rituals like the ceremonia del fuego (fire ceremony) still practiced for spiritual cleansing. Daily life often revolves around mercados (markets), where bargaining is customary and social bonds are strengthened.
• Arts & Literature: Guatemala is famed for its vibrant textiles, each pattern representing a specific Mayan community. Nobel Prize-winning author Miguel Ángel Asturias brought global attention to Guatemalan literature with works like El Señor Presidente, blending indigenous myths with political critique.
• Music & Dance: The marimba, a wooden xylophone, is the national instrument, often accompanied by folk dances like the Baile de los Moros, which reenacts Spanish-Moorish conflicts. Modern genres like salsa and reggaeton thrive in urban areas.
• Food & Cuisine: Staples include pupusas (stuffed corn tortillas) and pepián (a rich meat stew with spices and seeds). Meals are communal, and it’s polite to accept a second serving if offered.
• Languages & Dialects: Spanish is the official language, but 22 Mayan languages, such as K’iche’ and Kaqchikel, are widely spoken. Indigenous communities often use these languages in daily life and ceremonies.
• Religion & Spirituality: Catholicism dominates, but syncretism with Mayan beliefs is common—saints often merge with indigenous deities. Cofradías (religious brotherhoods) organize festivals blending both traditions.
• Festivals & Holidays: Semana Santa (Holy Week) transforms Antigua with elaborate alfombras (sawdust carpets). The Day of the Dead (November 1) features kite-flying in Santiago Sacatepéquez to communicate with ancestors.
• Social Norms & Etiquette: Greetings are warm, often with a handshake or cheek kiss among friends. Tipping 10% is standard in restaurants, and bringing a small gift when visiting a home is appreciated.
• Family & Community Structure: Extended families live close, and elders are highly respected. Mayordomías (community leadership roles) organize festivals, reinforcing collective responsibility.
• Clothing & Attire: Traditional traje (handwoven blouses and skirts) vary by region, with patterns signaling identity. In cities, Western dress is common, but indigenous attire is worn proudly for ceremonies.