Country Facts

• Official Name: United Mexican States
• Location: North America
• Time zone: Six different time zones ranging from UTC -5 to UTC -8
• Capital: Mexico City
• Population: Approximately 130 million
• Official Language: Spanish
• Government: Federal Presidential Constitutional Republic
• Economy: 15th largest in the world by nominal GDP

Regions at a Glance

No related destinations found for this zone.

Trip Planning

When to go?

• Climate Type: Mexico features a diverse range of climates, including tropical, arid, temperate, and alpine, depending on the region.
• Average Temperatures: Coastal areas and lowlands experience average summer temperatures of 25-35°C (77-95°F), while winter temperatures range from 20-28°C (68-82°F). In higher elevations like Mexico City, summer averages are 18-22°C (64-72°F), and winter averages are 12-18°C (54-64°F).
• Rainfall & Precipitation: Rainfall varies significantly by region. The Yucatán Peninsula and southern regions receive heavy rainfall during the wet season (May-October), with annual precipitation exceeding 1,500 mm (59 inches). Northern and central regions are drier, with annual rainfall often below 500 mm (20 inches).
• Seasonal Variations: Mexico has distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season (May-October) brings heavy rains and humidity, particularly in the south. The dry season (November-April) is characterized by sunny, mild weather, especially in central and northern regions.
• Natural Disasters: Mexico is prone to hurricanes along its Pacific and Gulf coasts, particularly from June to November. Earthquakes are also a risk, especially in central and southern regions. Droughts can occur in the north, while volcanic activity is present in areas like Popocatépetl.
• Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit Mexico is during the dry season, from November to April, when the weather is pleasant and rainfall is minimal. Coastal areas are best visited in winter to avoid hurricane season, while central highlands are enjoyable year-round due to their temperate climate.

Practical Info

Healthcare Requirements

Before traveling to Mexico, it is essential to be aware of the health care requirements and recommendations to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. Mexico's diverse geography and climate can pose specific health risks, so preparation is key.

Vaccinations and Medications

Ensure your routine vaccinations are up to date, including measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio, and your yearly flu shot. Additionally, consider vaccinations for Hepatitis A and Typhoid, as these diseases can be contracted through contaminated food or water. Depending on your travel plans, vaccinations for Hepatitis B, Rabies, and Yellow Fever may also be recommended.

Food and Water Safety

Tap water in Mexico is not safe to drink. Stick to bottled or purified water, and avoid ice in drinks unless you are sure it was made with purified water. Be cautious with street food; opt for freshly cooked, hot meals and avoid raw or undercooked meats and seafood. Fruits and vegetables should be washed with purified water or peeled before eating.

Insect-Borne Diseases

In tropical and coastal areas, especially during the rainy season (May to October), there is a risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. Use insect repellent, wear long-sleeved clothing, and consider staying in accommodations with screened windows or air conditioning. Malaria is less common but can be a risk in certain rural areas; consult your doctor about antimalarial medication if traveling to these regions.

Altitude and Sun Exposure

Mexico City and other high-altitude destinations can cause altitude sickness. Symptoms include headache, dizziness, and shortness of breath. To acclimate, take it easy for the first few days, stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol. Sun exposure can be intense, especially in coastal and desert areas. Use sunscreen with a high SPF, wear a hat, and seek shade during peak sun hours.

Health Insurance

It is highly recommended to have comprehensive travel health insurance that covers medical expenses, including emergency evacuation. Medical facilities in major cities are generally good, but rural areas may have limited services. Carry a copy of your insurance details and any necessary medical documents.

Seasonal Considerations

During the rainy season (May to October), be prepared for sudden downpours and potential flooding, which can affect transportation and increase the risk of waterborne diseases. In the dry season (November to April), dust and air pollution can be problematic, especially in urban areas like Mexico City. Those with respiratory conditions should take extra precautions.

By taking these health care requirements into account, you can minimize risks and enjoy your visit to Mexico safely.

On the Road

Getting Around

Getting around Mexico is relatively easy thanks to its extensive transportation network. For long distances, domestic flights are efficient and affordable, connecting major cities and tourist destinations. Buses are a popular and reliable option, with several companies offering comfortable and frequent services across the country. In cities, taxis and ride-sharing apps like Uber are widely available, but always ensure the vehicle is licensed for safety. For shorter trips, colectivos (shared vans) and local buses are common, though they can be crowded. Renting a car is an option for exploring rural areas, but be cautious of road conditions and driving habits. In tourist-heavy areas, walking or cycling is often the best way to explore, especially in pedestrian-friendly zones.

Culture

• Traditions & Customs: Mexico is rich in traditions, with Day of the Dead (Día de los Muertos) being one of the most iconic, where families honor deceased loved ones with altars, marigolds, and offerings. Another key tradition is the Quinceañera, a celebration of a girl's 15th birthday, symbolizing her transition to womanhood. The breaking of piñatas at parties and the use of papel picado (decorative paper) during festivals are also deeply rooted customs.
• Arts & Literature: Mexico has a vibrant artistic heritage, from the murals of Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo's surrealist paintings to the literary works of Octavio Paz and Carlos Fuentes. Pre-Columbian art, such as Aztec and Maya sculptures, also plays a significant role in the country's cultural identity. Contemporary Mexican artists continue to gain international recognition for their innovative works.
• Music & Dance: Mariachi music, with its iconic trumpets and violins, is a symbol of Mexican culture. Traditional dances like the Jarabe Tapatío (Mexican Hat Dance) and regional styles such as Son Jarocho from Veracruz are celebrated. Modern genres like norteño, banda, and corridos also reflect Mexico's diverse musical landscape.
• Food & Cuisine: Mexican cuisine, a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, is renowned for its bold flavors and variety. Staples include tacos, tamales, mole, and pozole. Corn, beans, and chili peppers are foundational ingredients. Regional specialties like Yucatán's cochinita pibil and Oaxaca's tlayudas highlight the country's culinary diversity.
• Languages & Dialects: Spanish is the official language, but Mexico is home to 68 recognized indigenous languages, including Nahuatl, Maya, and Zapotec. These languages are integral to the cultural identity of many communities, especially in rural areas.
• Religion & Spirituality: Catholicism is the dominant religion, deeply influencing Mexican culture, as seen in the veneration of the Virgin of Guadalupe. Indigenous spiritual practices, such as rituals honoring nature and ancestors, often blend with Catholic traditions, creating unique syncretic expressions.
• Festivals & Holidays: Beyond Day of the Dead, Mexico celebrates Independence Day on September 16 with parades and fireworks. Semana Santa (Holy Week) and Christmas are marked by religious processions and posadas. The Guelaguetza festival in Oaxaca showcases indigenous music, dance, and crafts, while Carnival in Veracruz and Mazatlán is a lively pre-Lenten celebration.
• Social Norms & Etiquette: Mexicans value warmth and hospitality, often greeting with a handshake or a kiss on the cheek. Family is central to social life, and respect for elders is emphasized. Punctuality is flexible, with "Mexican time" allowing for a more relaxed approach to schedules. Sharing meals and offering food to guests is a common gesture of kindness.