Safety in Bolivia

Understanding the Overall Safety Climate in Bolivia

Is Bolivia Safe for Tourists?

The question of safety in Bolivia is best answered with nuance. For the vast majority of visitors, Bolivia is a safe and incredibly rewarding destination. However, it is a country that demands a higher level of awareness and vigilance than many Western countries. It’s a place where being a savvy, informed traveler pays dividends. Compared to some of its South American neighbors, Bolivia generally has a lower rate of violent crime directed at tourists. Yet, opportunistic petty crime can be more common than in countries like Chile or Argentina.

A significant factor in Bolivia’s safety landscape is its potential for political and social unrest. Protests and demonstrations can arise with little warning, particularly in major cities. A common tactic used during these periods is the implementation of road blockades, known locally as ‘bloqueos’. These can shut down major highways for hours or even days, completely disrupting travel plans. It is essential to monitor local news reports and maintain a flexible itinerary, as a ‘bloqueo’ can easily derail a tightly scheduled trip.

Common Misconceptions vs. Reality

Many potential visitors harbor fears of widespread, violent crime, often fueled by generalized travel warnings. The reality for most tourists is quite different. While crime certainly exists, it is overwhelmingly non-violent and opportunistic. The image of a lawless country is a misconception; most Bolivians are warm, welcoming, and helpful to foreigners. The key is to understand that the risks are specific and largely avoidable with common-sense precautions.

The overwhelming majority of travelers complete their journey through Bolivia without any negative incidents, leaving with stories of breathtaking landscapes and rich cultural encounters. The reality is that your experience is far more likely to be defined by the stunning vistas of the Salar de Uyuni or the vibrant markets of La Paz than by any safety threat.

Key Areas of Concern for Travelers

While serious danger is unlikely, travelers should be actively aware of three primary areas of concern. Proactive planning and on-the-ground awareness can mitigate nearly all of these risks:

• Petty Crime in Urban Centers: This is the most common issue tourists face. Pickpocketing, bag snatching, and various scams are most prevalent in crowded areas like markets, bus terminals, and popular plazas in cities like La Paz and Cochabamba.
• Health and Environmental Hazards: Bolivia’s dramatic geography presents its own challenges. Altitude sickness is a very real concern in the Andean highlands, and sanitation standards require careful attention to food and water safety to avoid illness. Consider reviewing our health requirements before your trip.
• Transportation Risks: The quality of roads and vehicles can vary dramatically. Navigating the country safely involves choosing reputable bus companies, using registered taxis, and understanding the potential hazards of road travel, especially during the rainy season.

Navigating Petty Crime and Scams

While Bolivia is not a hotbed of violent crime, petty theft and opportunistic scams are realities in its bustling cities and tourist hubs. Like in many parts of the world, thieves target those who appear distracted or unfamiliar with their surroundings. However, with a healthy dose of awareness and a few simple precautions, you can significantly reduce your risk and focus on enjoying the country’s incredible culture and landscapes.

Common Types of Petty Crime

Most incidents are crimes of opportunity rather than confrontation. Being mindful in specific situations and locations is your most effective defense. The most common types include:

• Pickpocketing and Bag Snatching: Crowded places are prime locations for this type of theft. Be especially vigilant in markets like the Witches’ Market in La Paz, busy bus terminals, and public plazas. Thieves often work in teams to create a distraction.
• “Snatch and Grab” Thefts: This can happen when you’re momentarily complacent. A thief might grab a phone or bag left on a café table or reach through an open window of a slow-moving taxi. Always keep your belongings secured on your lap or looped around a table or chair leg.
• Distraction Techniques: Scammers are creative. A common tactic involves one person “accidentally” spilling something on you while an accomplice relieves you of your wallet. Another involves a staged commotion or argument nearby to draw your attention away from your possessions. Politely but firmly refuse any overly insistent offers of help in these situations.

Prevalent Scams to Watch Out For

Beyond simple theft, some more elaborate scams specifically target travelers. Recognizing them beforehand is the key to avoiding them.

Fake Police Officers

This well-known scam involves individuals, sometimes in convincing uniforms, who approach tourists claiming to be police officers. They may demand to see your passport and wallet, often accusing you of a minor or fabricated infraction. They might then “find” an issue and attempt to levy an on-the-spot fine or confiscate your cash. A real police officer will typically direct you to an official police station (estación de policía). Never hand over your entire wallet or passport, and insist on going to the nearest official station if you are unsure. It’s wise to carry a color photocopy of your passport for such encounters, keeping the original locked away safely. For more on requirements, see our guide on visa and travel requirements.

Taxi Scams

While most taxi drivers are honest, scams do occur. These can range from taking an unnecessarily long route to having a rigged meter that runs too fast. The most significant risk comes from unlicensed, unmarked taxis. Never hail a random cab off the street, especially at night or from an airport. Always use official “radio taxis”—vehicles that belong to a registered company and can be identified by a phone number and company name on the roof—or a trusted ride-hailing app.

“Express Kidnappings”

It is important to address this issue with a balanced perspective. An “express kidnapping” is a serious crime, but it is extremely rare for tourists in Bolivia. The scenario involves criminals forcing a victim into a vehicle, driving them to multiple ATMs, and forcing them to withdraw the maximum daily limit from their bank accounts. The primary way to prevent this is by never getting into an unmarked or unofficial vehicle. By exclusively using registered radio taxis or reputable ride-hailing services, you effectively eliminate the vast majority of this risk.

Practical Prevention Tips

A proactive approach to personal security will allow you to travel with confidence. Integrate these habits into your daily routine:

• Be Discreet: Avoid drawing unnecessary attention. Keep expensive cameras stowed away when not in use, leave flashy jewelry at home, and don’t openly display large amounts of cash. Consider our guide on Bolivia for photographers for tips on handling gear.
• Secure Your Valuables: A money belt or a secure pouch worn under your clothes is the best place for your passport, spare credit cards, and the bulk of your cash. Understanding money matters will also help you manage your finances safely.
• Carry a “Dummy Wallet”: Consider carrying a second wallet with a small amount of local currency and some expired cards. In the unlikely event of a robbery, you can hand this over without losing your essential items.
• Trust Your Instincts: Be wary of anyone who is overly friendly or approaches you with a sob story or a “get rich quick” scheme. While Bolivians are generally warm and welcoming, scammers often use this to their advantage to lower your guard.
• Choose Your Transport Wisely: As mentioned, always call for a registered radio taxi or use a reliable app like Uber or InDriver where available. Ask your hotel or restaurant to call one for you. This is one of the single most important safety measures you can take.

Health and Environmental Safety

Beyond human factors, Bolivia’s dramatic geography and unique environment present their own set of safety considerations. From the dizzying heights of the Andes to the tropical lowlands, being prepared for the health and environmental challenges is key to a comfortable and enjoyable journey.

Altitude Sickness (Soroche)

Many of Bolivia’s most iconic destinations are situated at extremely high elevations, making altitude sickness, known locally as soroche, a very real concern for travelers. This condition occurs when your body doesn’t have enough time to adapt to lower oxygen levels. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and commonly include headache, nausea, fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath.

You are at risk of soroche in popular locations such as:

• La Paz (approx. 3,640 meters / 11,942 feet)
• Potosí (approx. 4,090 meters / 13,420 feet)
• Salar de Uyuni (approx. 3,656 meters / 11,995 feet)
• Lake Titicaca (approx. 3,812 meters / 12,507 feet)

The best defense is proper acclimatization. Plan your itinerary to ascend gradually if possible, and follow these strategies upon arrival at high altitude:

• Take it easy: For the first 24 to 48 hours, avoid strenuous physical activity. Walk slowly and allow your body to adjust.
• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water. The dry Andean air can dehydrate you quickly, which can worsen symptoms.
• Eat and drink wisely: Avoid heavy meals and excessive alcohol, as they can interfere with the acclimatization process.
• Listen to local wisdom: Bolivians have been living at altitude for centuries. A common local remedy is coca tea (mate de coca) or chewing coca leaves, which can help alleviate mild symptoms.
• Consider medication: Medications like Acetazolamide (Diamox) can help prevent and treat altitude sickness. However, it is essential that you consult your doctor before your trip to discuss whether this is a suitable option for you and to obtain a prescription.

Food and Water Safety

Navigating the culinary landscape is a highlight of traveling, but it requires a sensible approach to avoid stomach upset. The golden rule for travelers in Bolivia is simple: “peel it, boil it, cook it, or forget it.”

• Water: Do not drink tap water. Stick exclusively to bottled, filtered, or purified water, even for brushing your teeth. Be cautious of ice in drinks, as it is often made from tap water. Salads and uncooked vegetables washed in tap water can also pose a risk.
• Street Food: Bolivia’s street food can be delicious, but exercise caution. Choose vendors that are busy, especially with locals, as this indicates fresh food with a high turnover. Ensure the food you order is served piping hot.
• Preventing Traveler’s Diarrhea: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer before eating. It is also wise to carry a basic medical kit with rehydration salts and anti-diarrhea medication, just in case.

Vaccinations and Disease Prevention

Before traveling to Bolivia, it is highly recommended to consult a travel medicine clinic or your doctor at least 4-6 weeks before departure to ensure your routine vaccinations are up to date and to discuss travel-specific immunizations. Check out our comprehensive Vaccination & Health requirement to visit Bolivia guide for more details.

• Recommended Vaccinations: Depending on your itinerary, doctors often recommend vaccinations for Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and Tetanus. A Yellow Fever vaccination is also crucial, and proof of vaccination may be required for entry if you are arriving from a country with risk of transmission or if you plan to visit the Amazon region.
• Mosquito-Borne Illnesses: In Bolivia’s tropical lowland and Amazon regions (like Rurrenabaque and the Santa Cruz department), mosquito-borne diseases such as Dengue Fever, Zika, and Malaria are present. There is no vaccine for Dengue or Zika, making prevention paramount.
• Prevention in the Lowlands: Use a strong insect repellent containing DEET, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants (especially at dawn and dusk), and consider sleeping under a mosquito net in jungle lodges. Your doctor can also advise on antimalarial medication if you are visiting high-risk areas.

Transportation Safety

Getting Around Cities Safely

Navigating Bolivia’s bustling cities can be an adventure in itself. While public transport offers an authentic local experience, understanding the nuances of each option is key to a safe journey. Generally, pre-arranged or company-affiliated transport is a more secure choice than hailing a random vehicle on the street.

• Taxis vs. Radio Taxis: Hailing a taxi on the street is common, but it carries a higher risk of scams or unsafe drivers. A far safer alternative is using a “radio taxi.” These are vehicles affiliated with a specific, registered company that you call by phone. Your hotel or restaurant can always call one for you. They are identifiable by the company name and phone number printed on the vehicle and often a plastic sign on the roof.
• Ride-Hailing Apps: In larger cities like La Paz, Santa Cruz, and Cochabamba, ride-hailing apps such as Uber and InDriver are increasingly available. They offer the security of a registered driver, a pre-set fare, and a digital trail of your journey, making them a reliable option for travelers.
• Public Transport (Micros & Minibuses): The colorful micros (buses) and shared minibuses are the backbone of urban transit for locals. While incredibly cheap and a great way to see the city, they are often extremely crowded. This environment is ideal for pickpockets, so if you choose to use them, be hyper-aware of your surroundings, wear your backpack on your front, and keep no valuables in your pockets.

Long-Distance Bus Travel

Buses are the primary mode of long-distance travel in Bolivia, connecting nearly every corner of the country. The experience can range from surprisingly comfortable to downright arduous, and choosing your company wisely makes all the difference. For a comprehensive overview of planning your trip, see our Bolivia Itineraries: 10 Days to 2 Months guide.

• Choosing a Reputable Company: Don’t just opt for the cheapest ticket. Well-known, slightly more expensive companies generally have better-maintained vehicles, more professional drivers, and a better safety record. Look for options offering cama (lie-flat bed) or semi-cama (large reclining seat) services for overnight journeys, as these provide significantly more comfort and security.
• The Risks of Night Buses: While convenient for saving time and a night’s accommodation, overnight buses carry higher risks. Roads can be poorly lit, driver fatigue is a concern, and incidents of theft at dark, remote bus stops can occur. If you take a night bus, secure your luggage and choose a premium service known for its safety.
• Luggage Security: Never place valuables, electronics, passports, or money in the luggage stored under the bus. Keep a small carry-on bag with all your essential items with you at your seat, preferably on your lap or between your feet, especially while you sleep.

Road Conditions and Driving

The state of Bolivia’s road network is highly variable. Major inter-city routes are generally paved and well-maintained, but once you venture into rural or mountainous regions, you’re likely to encounter unpaved dirt or gravel roads that can be challenging to navigate.

The rainy season, typically from November to March, poses significant risks. Heavy downpours can cause landslides (derrumbes) and washouts, particularly in mountainous areas, leading to road closures that can last for hours or even days. Always check local conditions before embarking on a long road journey during this period.

The “Death Road” (Yungas Road) Bike Tour

The exhilarating downhill mountain bike ride on the former Yungas Road is a major tourist draw. While the road is now primarily used for these tours, its infamous name is a reminder of its inherent dangers. Your safety on this excursion is almost entirely dependent on the quality of your tour operator. It is absolutely critical to select a company with an impeccable and long-standing safety record. Before booking, thoroughly research reviews, ask about the age and maintenance schedule of their bikes and safety gear, and ensure they use experienced, certified guides who prioritize safety over speed. This is not the place to cut corners for a cheaper price.

Region-Specific Safety Considerations

While general safety advice applies throughout Bolivia, certain regions present unique challenges and require specific awareness. From the bustling high-altitude cities to the remote salt flats and dense Amazon jungle, understanding the local context is key to a secure and enjoyable journey.

Major Cities: La Paz, Santa Cruz, and Cochabamba

Bolivia’s major urban centers are vibrant hubs of culture and commerce, but they are also where petty crime is most concentrated. Awareness and proactive measures are your best defense. In La Paz, exercise caution around tourist-heavy areas like the Witches’ Market and San Francisco Plaza, especially after dusk. The areas surrounding the main bus terminal and the sprawling El Alto market (accessible by cable car) require heightened vigilance. In Santa Cruz and Cochabamba, similar caution should be applied around central markets and bus stations.

When exploring nightlife, particularly in popular districts like Sopocachi in La Paz, follow these guidelines:

• Travel in Groups: Avoid walking alone at night. Always take a registered radio taxi or use a ride-hailing app, even for short distances.
• Watch Your Drink: Never leave your drink unattended, and be wary of accepting drinks from strangers to avoid the risk of drink spiking.
• Know Your Limits: The effects of alcohol are amplified at high altitudes like La Paz. Be mindful of your consumption to remain aware of your surroundings.

Popular Tourist Areas: Uyuni Salt Flats and Lake Titicaca

The otherworldly landscapes of the Salar de Uyuni and the serene beauty of Lake Titicaca are highlights of any Bolivian trip, but their remoteness brings specific safety considerations.

For Salar de Uyuni tours, the quality of your tour operator is paramount. The harsh environment can be unforgiving, and cost-cutting on safety can have serious consequences. Before booking a multi-day tour:

• Vet Your Operator: Thoroughly read recent reviews on multiple platforms. Ask other travelers for recommendations. An established company with a strong safety record is worth the extra cost.
• Inspect the Vehicle: Before departing, check the condition of the 4×4. Look for functional seatbelts for all passengers, decent tire tread, and ask if the vehicle is equipped with a first-aid kit, spare tire, and a satellite phone or radio for emergencies.
• Driver Responsibility: Ensure your tour operator guarantees a sober and well-rested driver. Unfortunately, incidents involving drunk driving have been reported.

The high-altitude desert environment also demands preparation for extreme weather. The sun’s UV rays are incredibly intense, so sunscreen, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat are essential. Temperatures plummet dramatically after sunset, often well below freezing, so pack multiple warm layers, a hat, and gloves, even if the day is warm.

On Lake Titicaca, boat safety is the primary concern. When taking a ferry to Isla del Sol or other islands, choose a vessel that does not look overloaded and check for the presence of life jackets before you depart.

The Amazon Basin (Rurrenabaque and Madidi National Park)

In the Amazon, safety concerns shift from urban crime to the natural environment. Your guide is your most important safety asset here. A trip into the jungle is not the place to cut corners.

• Choose Certified Guides: Select a reputable eco-lodge or tour company that employs certified, local guides. Their knowledge of the terrain, flora, and fauna is essential for navigating the jungle safely.
• Respect Wildlife: Maintain a safe distance from all animals and never attempt to feed them. Your guide will provide specific instructions for encounters with creatures like caimans, monkeys, or snakes. Follow their lead without question.
• Health in the Jungle: The Amazon is a hot, humid environment. Stay hydrated with purified water, use a strong insect repellent containing DEET to protect against mosquito-borne illnesses, and sleep under a mosquito net. Wear lightweight, long-sleeved shirts and trousers to minimize insect bites and scratches.

Advice for Specific Travelers

Bolivia offers profound experiences for all types of adventurers. While general safety advice applies to everyone, certain travelers may benefit from more tailored guidance. Navigating the country with a specific awareness of your circumstances can transform a good trip into an incredible and trouble-free one.

Safety for Solo Travelers

Traveling alone in Bolivia can be an immensely rewarding journey of self-discovery. The freedom to set your own pace is unparalleled, but it also requires a heightened sense of awareness. By taking a few sensible precautions, you can confidently explore all that this diverse country has to offer.

• Blend In and Act Confidently: The goal is to appear less like a first-time, disoriented tourist. Observe how locals dress and aim for practical, modest clothing over flashy items. Walk with purpose, even when you’re not entirely sure where you’re going. A little bit of Spanish goes a long way in navigating daily interactions and showing respect.
• Share Your Itinerary: This is one of the most critical safety nets for a solo traveler. Before you leave, share a detailed copy of your itinerary—including flight details, hotel names, and planned tours—with a trusted friend or family member back home. Arrange to check in with them at regular intervals so they know you are safe.
• Choose Accommodations Wisely: Your lodging is your safe haven. Opt for hostels, guesthouses, or hotels with numerous positive and recent reviews. Pay close attention to comments about security, location, staff helpfulness, and the availability of secure lockers for your valuables. Staying in a well-regarded establishment provides peace of mind and a reliable base of operations.

Safety for Female Travelers

Many women travel through Bolivia without any issues and have wonderful experiences. However, the culture can be quite traditional, and being prepared for local norms and potential challenges can make your journey smoother and more comfortable. A proactive approach to safety allows you to focus on the adventure.

• Understand Local Cultural Norms: Bolivian society, particularly in rural and highland areas, tends to be conservative. Dressing modestly by covering your shoulders and knees is a sign of respect and will help you blend in and avoid unwanted attention. A lightweight scarf is a versatile accessory for covering up when entering churches or more traditional communities.
• Handling Unwanted Attention: Unfortunately, catcalling and verbal harassment can occur, particularly in larger cities. The most effective strategy is often to confidently ignore it and continue on your way without engaging. If you feel uncomfortable in a situation, firmly say “No, gracias” or “Déjame en paz” (Leave me alone) and remove yourself from the area. Trust your intuition; if a person or place feels unsafe, leave immediately.
• Consider Joining Group Tours: For more remote or adventurous activities, such as a multi-day trek, a tour of the Uyuni Salt Flats, or an expedition into the Amazon, joining a reputable group tour is an excellent idea. This provides the security of a guide and the safety of traveling with other people, allowing you to relax and fully immerse yourself in the experience.

Emergency Preparedness and Important Contacts

Even with the most careful planning, unexpected situations can arise. Knowing how to respond effectively in an emergency is a crucial part of safe travel. This section provides the practical steps and contact information you’ll need if you encounter trouble in Bolivia.

What to Do if Something Goes Wrong

Staying calm and having a clear plan of action can make a significant difference in a stressful situation. If you become a victim of crime, your personal safety is the absolute priority.

• If you are robbed: Do not resist. Hand over your valuables without argument or struggle. Your belongings can be replaced, but your well-being cannot. After the assailant has left and you are in a safe place, contact the police.
• Report the incident: Go to the nearest police station to file a report (a ‘denuncia’). It’s best to contact the Tourist Police (POLITUR), as they are specifically trained to assist travelers and often have English-speaking officers. This police report is essential for any travel insurance claim.
• Cancel cards and contact your bank: Immediately notify your bank to cancel any stolen credit or debit cards to prevent fraudulent use. It’s wise to have your bank’s international contact number and your card details stored securely somewhere separate from your wallet. For more on managing your finances, see our guide to Money Matters & Budget to visit Bolivia.
• Replace your passport: If your passport is stolen, you must contact your country’s embassy or consulate immediately. They will guide you through the process of obtaining an emergency travel document to allow you to return home. This process is much smoother if you have a photocopy or digital image of your passport’s information page. You can find more information on necessary travel documents in our Visa and travel Requirements to visit Bolivia guide.

Key Emergency Numbers in Bolivia

Keep these numbers saved in your phone and written down somewhere accessible. Note that English-speaking operators are not always available, so it can be helpful to learn a few basic Spanish phrases for emergencies.

• Police: 110
• Ambulance: 165
• Tourist Police (POLITUR): While they don’t have a single national number, you can find their offices in major cities like La Paz, Sucre, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz. They are your best first point of contact for non-medical emergencies. Ask your hotel or hostel for the local POLITUR contact number upon arrival.

The Role of Travel Insurance

Comprehensive travel insurance is not a recommendation; it is an essential requirement for any trip to Bolivia. The costs associated with a medical emergency, evacuation from a remote area, or significant theft can be overwhelming without proper coverage. Do not consider traveling without it.

A reliable policy should cover, at a minimum:

• Medical Emergencies: This includes coverage for accidents, illness (including treatment for severe altitude sickness), and hospitalization. For more on health considerations, check out our advice on Vaccination & Health requirement to visit Bolivia.
• Emergency Evacuation: Given Bolivia’s challenging geography, medical evacuation from a remote area to a city with adequate medical facilities, or even back to your home country, can be extremely expensive. Ensure your policy has high coverage for this.
• Theft and Lost Luggage: Coverage for stolen items like cameras, phones, and passports, as well as lost or delayed baggage.
• Trip Cancellation and Interruption: Protection in case you have to cancel your trip beforehand or cut it short due to an emergency.

Registering Your Trip

Before you depart, take a few minutes to register your travel plans with your home country’s embassy or foreign affairs department. For example, U.S. citizens can use the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP). This service is free and allows your embassy to contact you in the event of a large-scale emergency, such as a natural disaster or significant political unrest, and provide critical information and assistance. For a broader overview of planning your trip, consult our comprehensive Bolivia Travel Guide.