Costa Rica Ultimate Travel Guide

Why Costa Rica: The Land of Pura Vida

Understanding “Pura Vida”

More than just a catchphrase, “Pura Vida” (pronounced poo-rah vee-dah) is the soul of Costa Rica. Translating literally to “pure life,” its meaning runs much deeper. It’s a greeting, a farewell, and a way of expressing gratitude or that everything is alright. At its core, Pura Vida is a philosophy—a relaxed, optimistic outlook on life that emphasizes simplicity, well-being, and a profound appreciation for nature, family, and friends.

As a traveler, you’ll feel this ethos from the moment you arrive. It manifests in the unhurried pace of life, the warm smiles of the locals, and a collective focus on enjoying the present moment. This mindset has shaped Costa Rica into a place where the journey is as important as the destination, encouraging visitors to slow down, connect with their surroundings, and embrace a more mindful way of experiencing the world.

A Snapshot of the Country

Tucked between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, Costa Rica is a land of incredible geographical diversity packed into a small area. A spine of volcanic mountains runs through its center, creating cool, misty cloud forests at higher elevations. These highlands give way to lush rainforests, rolling hills, and two dramatically different coastlines. The Pacific side boasts a mix of rugged peninsulas, calm bays, and world-class surf breaks, while the Caribbean coast offers a more laid-back vibe with tranquil waters and vibrant coral reefs.

Despite covering just 0.03% of the Earth’s surface, Costa Rica is home to nearly 6% of the world’s biodiversity, making it one of the most ecologically rich places on the planet. The nation is a global leader in conservation, having protected over a quarter of its land in national parks and private reserves. This deep-seated commitment to preservation has made it a premier destination for ecotourism, where travelers can responsibly experience pristine nature and observe wildlife in its natural habitat.

The people of Costa Rica, who affectionately call themselves “Ticos” and “Ticas,” are the heart of the country’s charm. Known for their warmth, hospitality, and high level of education, they embody the Pura Vida spirit. The culture is a blend of indigenous heritage, Spanish colonial influence, and Afro-Caribbean traditions, particularly on the eastern coast. With a long-standing democracy and no national army since 1948, Costa Rica has prioritized investment in education, healthcare, and environmental protection, creating a peaceful and welcoming society.

Planning Your Trip: Before You Go

A little preparation goes a long way in ensuring your Costa Rican adventure is as smooth and enjoyable as possible. Sorting out the logistics before you leave allows you to fully immerse yourself in the pura vida lifestyle from the moment you arrive. Here’s what you need to know to plan your journey.

Best Time to Visit

Costa Rica’s tropical climate means it’s a wonderful destination year-round, but the country experiences two distinct seasons. The “best” time to visit truly depends on your priorities, budget, and tolerance for a little rain.

• Dry Season (December – April): Often called the “high season,” this period promises plenty of sunshine and minimal rain, especially along the Pacific coast. It’s the ideal time for beach-focused holidays and guaranteed sunny days for hiking. The trade-offs are larger crowds at popular destinations and higher prices for flights and accommodation. It’s essential to book well in advance if traveling during this window, particularly around Christmas and Easter.
• Green Season (May – November): Don’t let the term “rainy season” deter you. This is a magical time when the country is at its most lush and vibrant. Mornings are typically sunny and clear, with refreshing rain showers arriving in the afternoons. This is the pura vida rhythm of nature. Advantages include fewer tourists, lower prices, and incredible opportunities for wildlife viewing as animals are often more active. The rain also swells the rivers, making it the best season for whitewater rafting.

Regional Weather Variations

Costa Rica’s varied geography creates distinct microclimates. While the Pacific coast generally follows the dry/green season pattern, the Caribbean coast marches to its own beat. The Caribbean side (Tortuguero, Puerto Viejo) can experience more rain year-round, with its driest months often being September and October—the peak of the rainy season elsewhere. Always check the specific forecast for the regions on your itinerary.

Entry Requirements and Visas

For many travelers, entering Costa Rica is a straightforward process. The country maintains a welcoming policy for tourists, but there are a few non-negotiable requirements to keep in mind.

• Visas: Citizens of the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and most European Union countries do not need a visa for tourist stays of up to 90 days. However, policies can change, so it is always wise to verify the latest requirements with your country’s embassy or the official Costa Rican immigration website before you travel.
• Passport Validity: Your passport must be valid for the entire duration of your stay in Costa Rica. While the official rule is one day beyond your departure, many airlines and travel experts recommend having at least six months of validity to avoid any potential issues.
• Proof of Onward Travel: You will be required to show proof of a return or onward ticket out of Costa Rica upon arrival. This can be a flight, bus, or boat ticket departing within the 90-day period. Be prepared to present this to immigration officials.

Flights and Getting There

Costa Rica is well-connected to North America and Europe via two main international airports. Your choice of airport can significantly impact your travel time and convenience upon arrival.

• Juan Santamaría International Airport (SJO): Located near the capital city of San José in the Central Valley, SJO is the country’s largest airport. It’s the best entry point if your itinerary includes the Central Highlands (Poás, coffee farms), the Caribbean Coast (Tortuguero, Puerto Viejo), or the Central and South Pacific regions (Manuel Antonio, Uvita, Osa Peninsula).
• Daniel Oduber Quirós International Airport (LIR): Situated in Liberia, this airport serves the Guanacaste province. Fly into LIR for direct access to the sunny beaches and resorts of the Nicoya Peninsula and the North Pacific coast, including popular destinations like Tamarindo, Nosara, and Papagayo.

Tips for finding the best flight deals:

To secure more favorable pricing, consider booking your flights three to six months in advance, especially for travel during the dry season. Traveling during the “shoulder months” (May, June, and November) or the green season often yields lower airfares. Being flexible with your travel dates by a day or two can also reveal significant savings.

What to Pack

Packing for Costa Rica is about versatility and practicality. The focus should be on lightweight, quick-drying items that can handle both sunshine and humidity. Here is a checklist of essentials to guide you.

Essential Clothing

• Lightweight Layers: Think t-shirts, tank tops, and a long-sleeved shirt for sun and insect protection.
• Rain Jacket: A waterproof and breathable rain jacket is non-negotiable, even in the dry season. It’s essential for misty cloud forests and unexpected downpours.
• Long Pants: A pair of comfortable hiking pants is crucial for trekking through jungles and protecting your legs from insects and scratches.
• Swimwear: Pack at least two swimsuits to ensure you always have a dry one ready for the next beach, waterfall, or hot spring.
• Something Casual: A casual dress, shorts, or a nice shirt for evenings out in town.

Footwear

• Hiking Boots: Sturdy, waterproof hiking boots with good grip are your best friend for navigating muddy trails and uneven terrain. Make sure they are well broken-in before your trip.
• Sandals: A comfortable pair of sandals or flip-flops for beaches and relaxing at your accommodation.
• Water Shoes: Highly recommended for activities like whitewater rafting, canyoning, or exploring rocky coastlines and waterfalls.

Health & Safety

• Insect Repellent: Choose a quality repellent containing DEET or Picaridin to protect against mosquitoes.
• Sunscreen: The tropical sun is intense. Pack a high-SPF, broad-spectrum sunscreen. Consider a reef-safe formula to protect marine ecosystems.
• Basic First-Aid Kit: Include antiseptic wipes, bandages, pain relievers, antihistamines, and any personal medications.

Tech & Gear

• Waterproof Bag: A dry bag is invaluable for protecting your electronics and valuables during boat trips, hikes in the rain, or beach days.
• Portable Charger: A power bank ensures your phone and camera stay charged, especially in more remote lodges where outlets may be limited.
• Binoculars: A compact pair of binoculars will transform your wildlife viewing experience, allowing you to spot a distant sloth or a colorful toucan high in the canopy.

Getting Around Costa Rica

Navigating Costa Rica is an adventure in itself. The country’s varied terrain means that a journey of just 100 kilometers can take several hours, but the scenic drive is always part of the experience. Choosing your mode of transport depends entirely on your budget, timeline, and the level of flexibility you desire.

Renting a Car

For ultimate freedom and the ability to explore off-the-beaten-path destinations at your own pace, renting a car is an excellent choice. It allows you to stop spontaneously at a roadside soda for lunch, pull over for a stunning viewpoint, or change your plans on a whim. However, this flexibility comes with considerations of cost and road conditions, which can be challenging in certain areas.

• When a 4×4 is Necessary: While a standard sedan can handle the main paved highways, a 4×4 vehicle is highly recommended, if not essential, for reaching destinations like Monteverde, the Osa Peninsula, Nosara, and many rural lodges. During the green season, unpaved roads can become muddy and small river crossings may appear, making a high-clearance 4×4 indispensable.
• Mandatory Local Insurance: This is a crucial point that often surprises travelers. Costa Rican law requires all rental cars to have a basic level of liability insurance (SLI or TPL) purchased locally from the rental agency. This coverage is non-negotiable and will not be covered by your credit card or personal auto insurance from home. Be sure to factor this significant cost into your budget when comparing rental prices online.
• Navigating the Roads: Paved highways are generally in good condition, but rural roads can be unpaved, full of potholes, and lack signage. GPS apps like Waze are widely used by locals and are your best tool for navigation. Drive defensively, be aware of wildlife crossing the road, and embrace the slower, more mindful pace of the pura vida lifestyle.

Shared and Private Shuttles

If you prefer not to drive, tourist shuttles offer a fantastic balance of convenience, comfort, and cost. These modern, air-conditioned vans provide door-to-door service between major hotels and popular destinations. They run on a fixed schedule, making them a reliable way to travel between cities without the stress of navigating. While you lose the flexibility of a private car, it’s a relaxing and efficient way to see the country. Key operators include well-regarded companies like Interbus and Caribe Shuttle.

Public Transportation

For the budget-conscious and adventurous traveler, Costa Rica’s public bus system is an authentic and incredibly affordable way to get around. The network is extensive, connecting nearly every town and village. It’s an opportunity to travel alongside locals and truly immerse yourself in the daily rhythm of the country. Be prepared for longer travel times, multiple transfers for cross-country routes, and a less direct journey. This option is best suited for those with a flexible itinerary and a patient, go-with-the-flow attitude.

Domestic Flights

When time is of the essence, a domestic flight can be a game-changer. What might be a 6-8 hour drive can be reduced to a 45-minute scenic flight. This option is particularly valuable for reaching remote regions like the Osa Peninsula (Corcovado National Park), Tortuguero, or Tambor on the Nicoya Peninsula. The flights are operated on small propeller planes, offering breathtaking aerial views of the coastline and dense rainforest. Reputable domestic carriers include Sansa Airlines and Green Airways. Keep in mind that these flights have strict and limited luggage allowances, so pack accordingly.

Top Regions and Destinations to Explore

Costa Rica may be a small country, but its geography is incredibly diverse. From the cool, coffee-scented mountains of the Central Valley to the sun-drenched beaches of Guanacaste and the humid jungles of the Caribbean, each region offers a distinct personality and a unique set of experiences. Understanding these differences is key to crafting your perfect itinerary.

Map of Costa Rica’s primary travel regions.

The Central Valley: Culture and Coffee

Most journeys begin in the Central Valley, the country’s cultural and political heartland. While many travelers pass through quickly, it’s worth exploring for its temperate climate, rich history, and world-renowned coffee plantations that blanket the volcanic slopes.

• San José: Costa Rica’s capital is a bustling city that serves as the primary travel hub. Beyond its utility, you’ll find cultural gems like the opulent National Theater (Teatro Nacional), the pre-Columbian Gold Museum, and the Jade Museum. It offers a glimpse into the urban Tico lifestyle before you venture into the wild.
• Coffee Highlands: The areas surrounding the capital are a verdant paradise for coffee lovers. Take a tour of a plantation like Doka Estate to learn about the bean-to-cup process. The highlands are also home to stunning natural attractions, including the active Poás Volcano with its massive crater lake and the enchanting La Paz Waterfall Gardens, a private reserve with five waterfalls and an impressive animal sanctuary.

Northern Plains: Volcanoes and Adventure

This region is dominated by the majestic, cone-shaped Arenal Volcano and is Costa Rica’s undisputed adventure capital. The town of La Fortuna is the main base, offering a staggering array of activities set against a backdrop of rainforest and volcanic landscapes.

• La Fortuna & Arenal Volcano: While no longer erupting, Arenal Volcano remains an imposing and beautiful landmark. You can hike through Arenal Volcano National Park on old lava flows for panoramic views. The area is also famous for its geothermal activity, feeding numerous natural hot springs resorts like Tabacón and EcoTermales, which are perfect for a relaxing soak after a day of exploring. Don’t miss the powerful La Fortuna Waterfall, where you can swim in the cool pool at its base.
• Adventure Activities: If you’re seeking a thrill, this is the place. The Northern Plains are synonymous with world-class ziplining through the forest canopy, walking across swaying hanging bridges for a bird’s-eye view, and exhilarating canyoning (rappelling down waterfalls). The nearby rivers also offer fantastic whitewater rafting opportunities.

Monteverde: The Mystical Cloud Forest

Perched high in the Tilarán Mountain Range, Monteverde is a world apart. Its name means “Green Mountain,” and it is famous for its rare and ethereal cloud forest ecosystem, where the high altitude and moisture create a constant state of mist, nurturing an incredible diversity of life.

• Cloud Forest Reserves: The two main reserves are the Monteverde Cloud Forest Biological Preserve and the Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserve. Monteverde is more famous and can be busier, while Santa Elena is often wetter, sits at a slightly higher elevation, and is managed by the local community. Both offer incredible trails through a moss-draped, fairytale-like environment.
• Wildlife Spotting: Monteverde is a birdwatcher’s paradise, best known as one of the last remaining habitats of the magnificent Resplendent Quetzal (best spotted during the nesting season from March to July). You can also find monkeys, sloths, and a dazzling array of insects and amphibians.
• Iconic Activities: The region is famous for its hanging bridges (Sky Walk is a popular choice) that allow you to walk through the forest canopy. To see the forest’s nocturnal creatures, a guided night walk is an absolute must-do experience.

The Pacific Coast

Stretching over 1,000 kilometers, Costa Rica’s Pacific coast is a diverse mosaic of sun-baked peninsulas, lush rainforests, and idyllic beaches. It is generally divided into three distinct zones.

Guanacaste & Nicoya Peninsula (North Pacific)

Known as the “Gold Coast,” this region is characterized by a drier climate, more sunshine, and a landscape that transitions from tropical dry forest to pristine coastline. It’s a hub for beach resorts, surfing, and a laid-back lifestyle.

• Known For: Consistent sunshine, world-class surfing, and a wide range of accommodations from luxury all-inclusive resorts to bohemian yoga retreats.
• Key Spots: Tamarindo is a bustling surf town with great restaurants and nightlife. Nosara and Santa Teresa on the Nicoya Peninsula are havens for yoga enthusiasts and surfers seeking a more wellness-focused vibe. For pristine beauty, visit Playa Conchal, a unique beach made of crushed seashells.

Central Pacific

Offering a perfect blend of convenience, rainforest, and coastline, the Central Pacific is one of the most visited regions due to its easy access from San José. It’s where lush green mountains meet the sea, creating dramatic landscapes and abundant wildlife.

• Known For: Its accessibility, vibrant national parks, and a high concentration of wildlife in a compact area.
• Key Spots: Manuel Antonio National Park is the star attraction, famous for its beautiful beaches, easy-to-walk trails, and habituated monkeys and sloths. Jacó is a lively surf town with a vibrant nightlife. Further south, Uvita is home to Marino Ballena National Park, known for its whale-tail-shaped sandbar and as a prime spot for humpback whale watching (seasonal).

Osa Peninsula (South Pacific)

This is Costa Rica at its most wild and remote. The Osa Peninsula is a place of raw, untamed nature, considered one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. A trip here requires more planning but offers unparalleled rewards for the dedicated nature lover.

• Known For: Its rugged, off-the-beaten-path feel and unparalleled biodiversity. This is where you go for a true immersion in nature.
• Key Spots: Corcovado National Park is the crown jewel, protecting a vast expanse of primary rainforest teeming with wildlife, including tapirs, scarlet macaws, and all four of Costa Rica’s monkey species. Most visitors access the park from the towns of Drake Bay or Puerto Jiménez.

The Caribbean Coast

The Caribbean side of Costa Rica has a completely different rhythm. Influenced by Afro-Caribbean culture, the pace of life is slower, the food is spicier, and the rainforest feels even more dense and alive. It’s a region of laid-back charm and rustic beauty.

North Caribbean

This area is a network of jungle-lined canals and wetlands, accessible primarily by boat or small plane. It feels like a world away from the rest of the country.

• Tortuguero National Park: Often called “Costa Rica’s Amazon,” Tortuguero is defined by its freshwater canals. The best way to explore is by boat or kayak, gliding silently through the water to spot caimans, river turtles, monkeys, and a huge variety of birds. It is also a critical nesting site for the green sea turtle, with nesting season peaking from July to October.

South Caribbean

This region is the heart of Costa Rica’s Afro-Caribbean community. Here you’ll find a vibrant culture, beautiful golden-sand beaches, and a thriving coral reef system.

• Puerto Viejo de Talamanca: This lively beach town is a cultural melting pot with a distinctly Rasta vibe. It’s known for its delicious coconut-infused cuisine, reggae music, and a string of gorgeous beaches perfect for surfing or relaxing. The area is also home to excellent wildlife rescue centers like the Jaguar Rescue Center.
• Cahuita National Park: This park is unique in that it protects both a coastal rainforest and one of the country’s most important coral reefs. You can hike the trail that hugs the coastline, spotting sloths and monkeys in the trees, and then snorkel or dive among the colorful coral and tropical fish just offshore.

Must-Do Activities and Experiences

Costa Rica is less a place you see and more a place you do. The country’s diverse landscapes offer a natural playground for every type of traveler, from those seeking high-octane thrills to those simply wanting to connect with nature. It’s a place where your daily agenda might include spotting a sloth in the morning and soaking in volcanic hot springs by afternoon—a true embodiment of the balanced, experience-rich Pura Vida lifestyle.

Wildlife Watching

With over 5% of the world’s biodiversity packed into its small territory, Costa Rica is a premier destination for wildlife enthusiasts. The key to a rewarding experience is patience, a keen eye, and often, the expertise of a local guide who can spot creatures you would otherwise miss.

• Top Animals to Spot: Keep your eyes peeled for both two-toed and three-toed sloths dangling from cecropia trees. Listen for the guttural call of howler monkeys at dawn, and watch for playful capuchin and spider monkeys leaping through the canopy. The skies and treetops are painted with the vibrant colors of toucans and Scarlet Macaws, while the forest floor is home to poison dart frogs and the iconic red-eyed tree frog. Along the coasts, witnessing sea turtles nesting is a profound, often seasonal, experience.
• Responsible Viewing: The best way to see wildlife is to do so ethically. Always hire a certified naturalist guide for park tours; their training not only helps you spot more but also ensures the animals’ welfare. Maintain a respectful distance, never feed the animals, and use binoculars or a zoom lens for close-up views. Resisting the urge to take a selfie with a wild animal protects both you and them.

Adventure and Thrills

For those who like to get their heart rate up, Costa Rica delivers an array of world-class adventure activities set against stunning natural backdrops.

• Ziplining and Canopy Tours: Costa Rica is the birthplace of the modern zipline tour. Soaring through the forest canopy offers a bird’s-eye view of the ecosystem and an undeniable adrenaline rush. Regions like Monteverde and La Fortuna offer some of the longest, highest, and fastest cables in the country.
• Surfing: With two long coastlines, there’s a wave for everyone. Beginners can find gentle, rolling waves and excellent surf schools in towns like Tamarindo and Jacó. More experienced surfers flock to the powerful breaks of Santa Teresa on the Nicoya Peninsula or the legendary Salsa Brava reef break in Puerto Viejo on the Caribbean side.
• White Water Rafting: Navigating Costa Rica’s wild rivers is an exhilarating way to experience its remote, pristine wilderness. The Pacuare River is consistently ranked among the top rafting rivers in the world for its stunning gorge scenery and challenging rapids. The Sarapiquí and Reventazón rivers also offer a range of options, from gentle family floats to intense Class IV rapids.

Ecotourism and Nature

At its core, a trip to Costa Rica is about immersing yourself in nature. The country’s commitment to conservation means you have access to some of the most pristine and well-protected ecosystems on the planet.

• Hiking in National Parks: A network of over 25 national parks and numerous private reserves protects a vast portion of the country. Well-maintained trails guide you through diverse habitats, from the coastal rainforest of Manuel Antonio to the high-altitude cloud forests of Monteverde.
• Visiting Volcanoes: The country’s volcanic spine offers dramatic landscapes. Arenal Volcano, with its perfect conical shape, is the most famous. While you can’t climb it, you can hike trails around its base. At Poás Volcano, you can peer directly into one of the world’s largest active craters, and a visit to Irazú Volcano on a clear day can reveal both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
• Birdwatching Hotspots: With over 900 recorded bird species, Costa Rica is a paradise for birders. The cloud forests of Monteverde are the best place to search for the magnificent Resplendent Quetzal, while the wetlands of Caño Negro and the Osa Peninsula offer staggering avian diversity.

Relaxation and Wellness

The Pura Vida philosophy is also about slowing down, de-stressing, and rejuvenating the mind and body. Costa Rica’s tranquil settings are the perfect backdrop for wellness and relaxation.

• Soaking in Natural Hot Springs: Near the Arenal Volcano, geothermal activity heats underground rivers, creating dozens of natural hot spring resorts. These range from family-friendly complexes with waterslides to serene, adults-only sanctuaries where you can soak in mineral-rich waters surrounded by tropical gardens.
• Practicing Yoga: The Nicoya Peninsula, particularly towns like Nosara and Santa Teresa, has become a global hub for yoga and wellness. Here you’ll find world-class yoga shalas, retreat centers, and daily classes that allow you to connect your practice with the rhythm of the ocean.
• Beach Hopping and Sunsets: Sometimes the best activity is no activity at all. Simply find a comfortable spot on a palm-fringed beach, read a book, and swim in the warm Pacific waters. Make a point to stop what you’re doing each evening to watch the sun dip below the horizon—a daily ritual cherished by locals and visitors alike.

A Taste of Costa Rica: Food and Drink

Costa Rican cuisine is a direct reflection of its “Pura Vida” philosophy: it’s wholesome, fresh, and deeply satisfying without being overly complicated. The food here, known locally as comida típica, is built around a foundation of rice, beans, fresh vegetables, and tropical fruits. Forget fiery spices; Tico cooking focuses on highlighting the natural flavors of high-quality, locally sourced ingredients, offering a comforting and authentic taste of the land.

Essential Tico Dishes to Try

Exploring Costa Rica with your taste buds is a journey in itself. While menus are filled with fresh seafood and international options, be sure to seek out these traditional staples for a true culinary experience.

• Gallo Pinto: This is the undisputed national dish and the heart of a Tico breakfast. More than just rice and beans, Gallo Pinto is a flavorful mix of day-old rice and black beans sautéed with cilantro, onions, and sweet peppers. The secret ingredient is a dash of Salsa Lizano, a unique local sauce that gives it a slightly sweet and tangy profile. It’s typically served alongside eggs, fried plantains, and a dollop of sour cream (natilla).
• Casado: The quintessential lunch, a Casado translates to “married man,” referencing a plate that marries several different foods into one perfectly balanced meal. It consists of white rice, black or red beans, a simple salad, fried sweet plantains, and a choice of protein. This could be grilled chicken (pollo a la plancha), fish (pescado), steak (bistec), or pork chop (chuleta).
• Other Must-Tries: Beyond the two mainstays, keep an eye out for other local favorites. Chifrijo is a popular bar snack featuring layers of rice, beans, crispy fried pork (chicharrones), and fresh tomato salsa (pico de gallo), served in a small bowl with tortilla chips. Patacones, twice-fried green plantains smashed into savory discs, are a perfect appetizer, especially when paired with black bean dip or guacamole. For a comforting meal, try Sopa Negra, a rich black bean soup often served with a hard-boiled egg. And along the coasts, the fresh Ceviche, typically made with local sea bass (corvina) marinated in lime juice, is a bright and refreshing treat.

Local Drinks

From the world’s finest coffee beans to an incredible array of fresh fruit juices, what you drink in Costa Rica is as much a part of the experience as what you eat.

• Coffee: Costa Rican coffee is a source of immense national pride. The country’s volcanic soil and ideal climate produce some of the best Arabica beans in the world. Enjoying a freshly brewed cup is a daily ritual. For an immersive experience, take a tour of a coffee plantation (finca de café) to learn about the bean-to-cup process and sample coffee made the traditional way using a chorreador, or cloth filter.
• Refrescos Naturales: Forget bottled soda; the go-to drink for refreshment is a refresco natural. These are delicious fresh fruit juices, blended with either water (en agua) or milk (en leche). Popular flavors include mango, pineapple (piña), passion fruit (maracuyá), blackberry (mora), and cas, a tart local guava that makes for a uniquely tangy and refreshing drink.
• Local Beers: The two most popular local beers are Imperial and Pilsen, both light, crisp lagers that are perfect for a hot day on the beach. In recent years, a vibrant craft beer scene has emerged, so look for local cervecerías artesanales in towns like San José, Tamarindo, and Puerto Viejo for more flavorful IPAs, stouts, and ales.

Where to Eat

To find the most authentic and delicious Costa Rican food, you often need to look past the tourist-focused restaurants and eat where the locals do.

• Sodas: A soda is a small, family-run eatery that serves traditional Costa Rican fare at very reasonable prices. This is the absolute best place to try a casado or gallo pinto. The atmosphere is casual, welcoming, and provides a genuine taste of local life. Don’t leave the country without eating at several.
• Farmers’ Markets (Ferias): The weekly farmers’ market, or feria del agricultor, is a vibrant spectacle of color, sound, and flavor. It’s an excellent place to see the incredible diversity of the country’s produce, from exotic fruits you’ve never heard of to fresh vegetables and local cheeses. You can also find stalls selling snacks like empanadas or freshly squeezed juices, making it a great spot for a casual and fresh meal.

Practical Tips for a Smooth Trip

A little preparation goes a long way in ensuring your Costa Rican adventure is as seamless and enjoyable as possible. These practical tips cover the essentials, from health and currency to communication and responsible travel, helping you navigate the country with the confidence of a seasoned traveler.

Health and Safety

Costa Rica is generally a safe and healthy destination, but like any travel, it’s wise to be prepared. Following a few simple guidelines will help you stay well and secure.

• Water Safety: In most cities and established tourist areas, the tap water is treated and safe to drink. However, in more remote or rural regions, it’s advisable to stick to bottled or filtered water. Many eco-lodges provide filtered water stations to refill your bottle, a great way to reduce plastic waste.
• Mosquito-borne Illnesses: Mosquitoes can transmit diseases like Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, particularly in coastal and low-lying areas. The best prevention is to avoid bites. Use an effective insect repellent containing DEET or Picaridin, wear long, loose-fitting clothing at dawn and dusk, and choose accommodations with screened windows or air conditioning.
• General Safety: Petty theft, like pickpocketing or car break-ins, can occur in crowded areas and tourist hotspots. Be aware of your surroundings, don’t leave valuables unattended on the beach, and never leave anything visible in your parked car. When swimming, be mindful of riptides (corrientes); look for warning signs and ask locals about conditions if you’re unsure.

Money and Currency

Navigating currency in Costa Rica is straightforward, as both the local currency and the US dollar are widely used, though understanding when to use each can be helpful.

• Currency: The official currency is the Costa Rican Colón (CRC). While US dollars are widely accepted in tourist areas for hotels, tours, and in some restaurants, you will get a better price and find it easier for small purchases (like at local restaurants, or “sodas,” markets, and for public transport) if you use colones. It’s best to carry a mix of both.
• Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is not as ingrained in the culture as in some other countries. A 10% service charge is almost always included in restaurant bills. For exceptional service, an additional 5-10% is a welcome gesture. It’s customary to tip tour guides ($10-$20 per person for a full-day tour) and drivers ($2-$5).
• Credit Cards vs. Cash: Major credit cards (Visa and Mastercard) are accepted at most hotels, larger restaurants, and tour operators. However, carrying cash is essential, especially when traveling to smaller towns or eating at local sodas. ATMs are widely available in towns and cities.

Communication

While English is spoken in many tourist destinations, learning a few basic Spanish phrases will enrich your interactions and show respect for the local culture.

• Basic Spanish Phrases:
  • Hola – Hello
  • Gracias – Thank you
  • Por favor – Please
  • Con permiso – Excuse me
  • Cuánto cuesta? – How much does it cost?
  • La cuenta, por favor – The bill, please
  • Pura Vida – The all-purpose greeting, farewell, and expression of a good life
• Connectivity: Staying connected is relatively easy. You can purchase a prepaid local SIM card upon arrival at the airport or in town from providers like Kölbi, Claro, or Liberty. For more convenience, consider an eSIM plan, which you can set up on your compatible phone before you even leave home. Most hotels and cafes offer free Wi-Fi.

Sustainability and Responsible Travel

As a global leader in ecotourism, Costa Rica offers travelers a unique opportunity to engage in and support conservation. Traveling responsibly ensures the natural wonders you’ve come to see will be preserved for generations to come.

• Support Local Communities: Choose to spend your money where it will have the most impact. Eat at family-run sodas, buy souvenirs directly from artisans, and hire local guides for your tours. This directly contributes to the local economy and provides a more authentic experience.
• Choose Eco-Certified Operators: Look for hotels and tour companies with a Certification for Sustainable Tourism (CST). This government-backed program certifies businesses based on their environmental, social, and economic practices.
• Practice “Leave No Trace”: This universal principle is especially important in Costa Rica’s delicate ecosystems. Stay on marked trails, pack out everything you pack in, never feed or touch wildlife, and observe animals from a respectful distance. Your mindful presence helps protect the country’s incredible biodiversity.

Sample Itineraries for Every Traveler

Costa Rica offers a world of possibilities, whether you have a week or a month. These sample itineraries are designed as starting points to help you visualize your trip. Feel free to adapt them to your interests, pace, and budget to create your own perfect Pura Vida adventure.

The 7-Day “Best Of” Whirlwind

This fast-paced itinerary is perfect for first-time visitors who want to experience Costa Rica’s iconic highlights: volcanic landscapes and Pacific wildlife. It combines the adventure hub of La Fortuna with the stunning beaches and fauna of Manuel Antonio.

• Day 1: Arrival & Journey to a Volcano. Arrive at San José’s Juan Santamaría International Airport (SJO). Pick up your rental car or meet your pre-booked shuttle and travel directly to La Fortuna, the town at the base of the majestic Arenal Volcano. Settle in and enjoy dinner with a view.
• Day 2: Arenal’s Natural Wonders. Hike the trails at Arenal Volcano National Park to walk over old lava flows. In the afternoon, visit the stunning La Fortuna Waterfall for a refreshing swim. End the day by relaxing in one of the area’s famous natural hot springs.
• Day 3: Adventure in the Canopy. Choose your thrill: soar through the rainforest on a ziplining tour, walk among the treetops on the iconic hanging bridges, or go canyoning down waterfalls.
• Day 4: Travel to the Pacific Coast. Enjoy a scenic drive from the mountains to the coast, heading towards Manuel Antonio. Check into your hotel and catch your first Pacific sunset.
• Day 5: Wildlife at Manuel Antonio. Spend the day exploring Manuel Antonio National Park. A guided tour is highly recommended to spot sloths, monkeys, and colorful birds. Afterward, relax on the park’s pristine beaches, such as Playa Manuel Antonio or Playa Espadilla Sur.
• Day 6: Coastal Relaxation. Enjoy a more leisurely day. Take a surf lesson, go on a catamaran tour for snorkeling and dolphin watching, or simply relax by the pool or on the beach.
• Day 7: Departure. Enjoy a final Costa Rican breakfast before making the 3-hour drive back to SJO for your flight home, filled with memories of volcanoes and wildlife.

The 10-Day Eco-Adventure

With a few extra days, you can add the mystical cloud forests of Monteverde to the classic Arenal-Manuel Antonio route. This itinerary offers a deeper immersion into Costa Rica’s world-renowned biodiversity.

• Days 1-3: Arenal Volcano & Adventure. Follow the first three days of the 7-day itinerary, exploring La Fortuna’s volcano, waterfalls, hot springs, and adventure activities.
• Day 4: Journey to the Clouds. Travel from La Fortuna to Monteverde. The most scenic route is the “jeep-boat-jeep” transfer across Lake Arenal, offering stunning views. Arrive in the cool mountain air and settle into your cloud forest lodge.
• Day 5: Exploring the Monteverde Cloud Forest. Hike the trails of the Monteverde Cloud Forest Biological Preserve or the Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserve. Look for exotic birds, including the Resplendent Quetzal (best seen from February to July), and walk across the famous hanging bridges for a bird’s-eye view of the canopy.
• Day 6: Coffee, Culture, and Creatures of the Night. Take a tour of a local coffee plantation to learn about the bean-to-cup process. In the evening, embark on a guided night walk to discover the forest’s nocturnal wildlife, such as frogs, insects, and sleeping birds.
• Day 7: Travel to the Pacific. Drive from the highlands of Monteverde down to the warm Pacific coast and the town of Manuel Antonio.
• Day 8: Manuel Antonio National Park. Dedicate the day to exploring the national park, spotting wildlife with a guide, and enjoying its beautiful beaches.
• Day 9: Pacific Leisure. Your final full day is for relaxation or another coastal activity. Consider visiting the nearby surf town of Dominical or simply enjoying the Pura Vida lifestyle on the beach.
• Day 10: Adiós, Costa Rica. Enjoy a final breakfast before driving back to SJO for your departure.

The 14-Day “Pura Vida” Immersion

This two-week journey allows for a true cross-country experience, from the tranquil canals of the Caribbean to the volcanic highlands and finally to the sun-drenched Pacific. It offers a rich tapestry of Costa Rica’s diverse cultures, landscapes, and ecosystems.

• Day 1: Arrival in San José. Arrive at SJO, transfer to your hotel, and rest after your journey.
• Day 2: To the Caribbean Canals. Take an early morning shuttle or domestic flight to Tortuguero National Park. The journey itself, ending in a boat ride through jungle canals, is an adventure. Settle into your eco-lodge.
• Day 3: Exploring Tortuguero. Take a guided boat tour through the park’s network of canals to spot monkeys, caimans, and a vast array of birdlife. If visiting between July and October, join a night tour to witness green sea turtles nesting on the beach.
• Day 4: South Caribbean Vibe. Travel south along the coast to Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, a town known for its laid-back, Afro-Caribbean culture and beautiful beaches.
• Day 5: Beaches and Wildlife Rescue. Rent a bicycle and explore the stunning nearby beaches like Playa Cocles and Punta Uva. In the afternoon, visit the Jaguar Rescue Center to learn about their incredible wildlife rehabilitation work.
• Day 6: Cahuita National Park. Hike the coastal trail in Cahuita National Park, where the rainforest meets the sea. Look for sloths and monkeys in the trees and, conditions permitting, snorkel on the protected coral reef.
• Day 7: Cross-Country to La Fortuna. A long but rewarding travel day. Take a shuttle from Puerto Viejo to La Fortuna, watching the landscape transform from coastal plains to rolling hills and volcanic peaks.
• Day 8: Arenal Volcano & Hot Springs. Hike near the base of Arenal Volcano and spend the afternoon and evening soaking in therapeutic hot springs.
• Day 9: Monteverde’s Cloud Forest. Travel from La Fortuna to Monteverde. In the afternoon, take a walk across the hanging bridges for a unique perspective on the cloud forest canopy.
• Day 10: Cloud Forest Immersion. Spend the morning hiking in one of the main reserves, searching for birds and other wildlife. Consider a coffee or chocolate tour in the afternoon.
• Day 11: Journey to the Pacific. Travel from Monteverde down to the Central Pacific coast, arriving in the Manuel Antonio area.
• Day 12: Manuel Antonio National Park. Enjoy a full day of wildlife spotting and beach time inside the famous national park.
• Day 13: Free Day on the Pacific. Your last full day is open. Relax on the beach, take a surf lesson, visit a nearby town, or simply enjoy the sounds of the jungle from your hotel.
• Day 14: Departure. Make the final journey from Manuel Antonio back to SJO for your flight home.

Budgeting for Your Costa Rica Trip

Costa Rica can accommodate a wide range of travel budgets, from backpacker-friendly to luxurious. Understanding the main costs and knowing a few local tricks can help you manage your expenses effectively, ensuring you get the most out of your Pura Vida experience without overspending. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect and how to plan your finances.

Daily Cost Estimates

Your daily expenses will largely depend on your travel style. These estimates are per person and exclude international flights but include accommodation, food, transport, and basic activities.

• Budget Traveler: $40 – $60 per day. This budget involves staying in hostels or budget guesthouses, eating most meals at local eateries known as sodas, using public buses for transportation, and focusing on low-cost activities like hiking in national parks or enjoying public beaches.
• Mid-Range Traveler: $100 – $150 per day. This allows for comfortable stays in boutique hotels or eco-lodges, a mix of dining at sodas and mid-range restaurants, and the convenience of shared shuttles or a rental car. This budget can comfortably include several guided tours and activities.
• Luxury Traveler: $250+ per day. For those seeking a higher level of comfort, this budget covers high-end resorts or private villas, fine dining experiences, private transportation, and exclusive guided tours. This allows for a more curated and seamless travel experience with all amenities included.

Key Expenses to Factor In

Beyond your daily spending, be sure to account for these major cost categories when planning your overall budget.

• Accommodation: This will likely be your largest expense. Prices range from around $15 for a dorm bed to over $300 for a luxury resort room.
• Transportation: Getting around adds up. While public buses are very affordable, they can be slow. Shared shuttles offer a balance of cost and convenience. Renting a car, especially a 4×4, provides the most flexibility but can be a significant expense, particularly when factoring in mandatory local insurance.
• Food and Drink: You can eat very affordably by frequenting local sodas, where a hearty casado costs just a few dollars. Restaurant meals in tourist areas will be considerably more expensive, comparable to prices in North America or Europe.
• Tours and National Park Entrance Fees: Most national parks charge an entrance fee of $10-$20 for foreigners. Guided activities like ziplining, night walks, or surf lessons can range from $50 to $100+ per person.

Money-Saving Tips

A little planning can go a long way in stretching your budget and making your trip more affordable.

• Travel during the green or shoulder season. Visiting between May and November (excluding holiday weeks) often means lower prices for flights, accommodations, and even rental cars. The landscapes are also incredibly lush and the crowds are thinner.
• Eat at local sodas. These small, family-run restaurants offer delicious, authentic Costa Rican food for a fraction of the price of tourist-oriented establishments. It’s the best way to experience the local culture and save money.
• Book well in advance. For flights, rental cars, and popular accommodations, booking several months ahead—especially for travel during the dry season—can secure much better rates.
• Use public transportation for some routes. For longer journeys between major hubs where you don’t need a car immediately, the public bus system is a reliable and extremely economical option.
• Pay in the local currency. While US dollars are widely accepted, you will often get a better rate by paying in Costa Rican Colónes (CRC), especially at smaller businesses and restaurants. Use a credit card with no foreign transaction fees where possible.