Do’s and Don’t in Guatemala

Cultural Etiquette and Social Interaction

Navigating the social landscape of Guatemala is a rewarding part of the travel experience. The culture is warm and welcoming, and a little effort to understand local customs goes a long way. Politeness and respect are the cornerstones of daily interaction here.

Do: Greet People Politely

A simple greeting is one of the easiest and most important ways to show respect. It’s customary to greet people when you enter a small shop, a restaurant, or even a doctor’s waiting room. Acknowledging others is a fundamental part of daily courtesy.

• Use “buenos días” (good morning), “buenas tardes” (good afternoon), or “buenas noches” (good evening/night) depending on the time of day.
• A friendly “hola” (hello) is always appropriate for more casual encounters.
• Always remember the magic words: “por favor” (please) and “gracias” (thank you). They are essential and appreciated everywhere.

Do: Dress Modestly, Especially in Rural Areas

While Guatemala’s main tourist hubs like Antigua are quite accustomed to international styles, dressing modestly is a significant sign of respect, particularly in more traditional indigenous communities and when visiting religious sites. This isn’t about a strict, enforced dress code, but rather a gesture of cultural sensitivity. In Mayan villages, local traditions are deeply woven into daily life, and conservative dress is the norm.

When visiting churches, active Mayan ceremonial sites, or rural villages, it is considerate to cover your shoulders and knees. Packing a light scarf or sarong is an easy way to cover up when needed. This simple act shows that you respect their customs and can lead to more genuine and welcoming interactions.

Don’t: Discuss Politics or the Civil War

Guatemala’s internal armed conflict, which lasted for 36 years and ended in 1996, left deep and painful scars on the nation. For many Guatemalans, the war is not a distant historical event; it is a lived trauma that affected their families and communities directly. Because of this, it is an incredibly sensitive subject.

As a visitor, it is best to avoid bringing up politics or the war in conversation. If a local person initiates the topic and feels comfortable sharing their experience, listen with empathy and respect. However, do not probe or treat it as a subject of casual curiosity.

Don’t: Be Overly Direct

Communication in Guatemala often values harmony and politeness over blunt directness. This can be a contrast to some Western cultures where getting straight to the point is considered efficient. In Guatemala, being too direct or confrontational can be perceived as aggressive or rude. When making requests or asking questions, it’s best to use a softer, more indirect approach. A little bit of friendly small talk before getting down to business is often appreciated.

Safety and Security

Do: Be Aware of Your Surroundings

Like any destination with a mix of bustling cities and quiet corners, situational awareness is your most valuable asset in Guatemala. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, can occur in crowded places. Be particularly vigilant in busy markets, public bus terminals, and within larger urban areas like Guatemala City.

• Keep your valuables, like passports and extra cash, secured in your hotel safe when possible.
• Avoid openly displaying expensive items such as high-end cameras, smartphones, or jewelry. A discreet approach helps you blend in and reduces your appeal as a target.
• When walking, carry your bag in front of you, especially in dense crowds.

Do: Use Reputable Transportation

Navigating Guatemala is part of the adventure, and doing so safely is straightforward. For travel between cities, pre-booked tourist shuttles are a reliable and comfortable option. Within towns and cities, rely on official taxis or ride-sharing apps like Uber, which are available in major hubs. Tuk-tuks are common for short distances and can be a great option, but agree on the fare before you start your journey. If you need a taxi, it’s always best to have your hotel or a restaurant call one from a trusted company for you rather than hailing one on the street.

Don’t: Walk Alone at Night

While many tourist areas feel safe and lively during the day, it’s wise to exercise caution after dark. This is particularly true in larger cities, but even in smaller towns or on quiet beaches, poorly lit streets can present risks. For evening outings, even if your destination is just a few blocks away, taking a registered taxi or a tuk-tuk is a sensible precaution. It’s a small expense that provides significant peace of mind.

Don’t: Resist a Robbery

While it is highly unlikely you will find yourself in this situation, it is critical to know how to react. In the unfortunate event of a robbery, your absolute priority is your personal safety. Do not resist. Hand over your valuables calmly. Possessions can be replaced, but you cannot. To minimize potential loss, many seasoned travelers carry a “dummy wallet” containing a small amount of cash and some old, expired cards to hand over, while keeping the bulk of their money and important cards hidden securely elsewhere.

Health, Food, and Drink

Guatemala’s culinary landscape is a vibrant tapestry of Mayan and Spanish influences, offering flavors that are as rich as its history. From bustling market stalls to quiet local eateries, there are countless opportunities to delight your palate. Navigating it safely is simple with a few sensible precautions, ensuring your gastronomic adventures remain a highlight of your trip. For more information on what to expect, check out our guide to the Gastronomy of Guatemala.

Do: Drink Bottled or Purified Water

One of the most fundamental rules for staying healthy in Guatemala is to avoid drinking tap water. The local water systems are not treated to the standards travelers are accustomed to, and consuming it can lead to stomach issues. Always opt for bottled or purified water (agua purificada).

• Use bottled water not only for drinking but also for brushing your teeth.
• When ordering drinks, be mindful of ice. In most reputable hotels and restaurants, ice is made from purified water and is perfectly safe. If you’re at a smaller, more rustic establishment or a market stall, it’s wise to order your beverage “sin hielo” (without ice) just to be cautious.

Do: Enjoy the Street Food (Carefully)

To miss out on Guatemalan street food would be to miss a core part of its culture. The key is not to avoid it, but to choose wisely. Some of the most authentic and delicious meals are served from street-side carts and stalls. To find the best and safest options, simply observe.

Look for vendors with a crowd of locals; a long line is the best review you can get. A busy stall means a high turnover of ingredients, ensuring the food is fresh. Take a moment to notice the vendor’s hygiene practices. If the cart looks clean and the food is being cooked to order over a hot grill, it’s generally a good sign. Indulge in classics like chuchitos (small tamales), elotes locos (grilled corn with toppings), or fresh dobladas.

Don’t: Forget Mosquito Repellent

In Guatemala’s beautiful lowland and coastal regions, mosquitoes are more than just a nuisance; they can carry diseases such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. Protecting yourself is essential, especially if you plan to visit areas like the jungles of Petén (where Tikal is located), the Pacific coast, or the area around Lake Izabal. For more on this, see our recommendations on Vaccination for Guatemala.

Pack an effective insect repellent, preferably one containing DEET or Picaridin, and apply it regularly. Mosquitoes are most active during dawn and dusk, so be particularly diligent during these times. Wearing long, loose-fitting clothing can also provide a physical barrier.

Don’t: Eat Unwashed or Unpeeled Produce

Fresh fruit is abundant and delicious in Guatemala, but it’s best to be selective. Stick to the well-known traveler’s mantra: “peel it, boil it, cook it, or forget it.” Fruits that you can peel yourself, such as bananas, oranges, mangoes, and pineapples, are excellent choices.

Be cautious with raw vegetables and salads, as they may have been washed in tap water. While many tourist-oriented restaurants take care to use purified water for food preparation, it is a risk in smaller, local eateries. If you have any doubt, it’s better to stick to cooked dishes.

Money and Bargaining

Navigating the financial landscape in Guatemala is straightforward once you understand a few local customs. While modern conveniences are available in larger cities, cash remains the most common and reliable medium of exchange. A little preparation will ensure your transactions are smooth and respectful. For a broader overview of the country, consult our Key Facts of Guatemala.

Do: Carry Small Bills

The Guatemalan currency is the Quetzal (Q). While a Q100 note may not seem like a large amount, it can be difficult for small-scale vendors to break. To avoid inconvenience for both you and the seller, it’s wise to carry a mix of smaller bills (Q5, Q10, Q20) and coins. This is especially true for everyday purchases from street food stalls, local markets, or when paying for a tuk-tuk ride. Understanding how to get around in Guatemala will help you budget for these smaller expenses.

• Break larger notes at established businesses like supermarkets, banks, or your hotel when you have the opportunity.
• Try to pay with exact change or close to it whenever possible. It is appreciated and keeps transactions moving quickly.

Do: Bargain Respectfully in Markets

In Guatemala’s vibrant artisan markets, bargaining is an expected and integral part of the shopping experience. However, it should be approached as a friendly and lighthearted interaction, not a battle of wills. The goal is to agree on a price that feels fair to both you and the artisan. For unique finds, consider exploring some of the Out of the Beaten Tracks places to visit in Guatemala.

A good approach is to start with a warm greeting and a smile. If a price is offered, you can politely counter with an offer that is a bit more than half, and through a gentle back-and-forth, you can meet somewhere in the middle. Remember that this custom does not apply to food stalls or shops with fixed prices. Always maintain a positive and respectful demeanor; the human connection is as important as the transaction itself.

Don’t: Expect to Use Credit Cards Everywhere

While major hotels, upscale restaurants, and large tour agencies in hubs like Antigua, Guatemala City, and Panajachel typically accept credit cards, cash is essential for the vast majority of your expenses. Rural areas, local eateries, markets, and most forms of local transportation operate exclusively on a cash basis.

Always have a sufficient amount of Quetzales on hand for your daily activities. Be aware that some businesses that do accept cards may add a surcharge of 5-10% to cover their processing fees. It’s best to rely on ATMs in larger towns to withdraw cash and not assume that plastic will be an option once you venture off the main tourist trail.

Photography and Respecting People

Do: Ask for Permission Before Taking Photos

Guatemala’s vibrant culture and striking landscapes are incredibly photogenic, but it is essential to remember that you are a guest. This is especially true when photographing people, particularly indigenous individuals in their traditional dress. Before raising your camera, always seek permission. A simple smile and a gesture towards your camera, or a polite “¿Puedo?” is usually sufficient. Be prepared to accept a “no” with grace and a nod of understanding.

This sensitivity is rooted in a complex history. For many Mayan communities, photography can feel deeply intrusive, a continuation of a long history of being treated as exotic subjects rather than as individuals. Some also hold spiritual beliefs about photographs capturing a part of one’s essence. By asking first, you are not just being polite; you are showing respect for a person’s dignity, culture, and personal boundaries. In some heavily touristed areas, you may find that some people will ask for a small tip (propina) in exchange for a picture. Treat this as a fair exchange for their time and cooperation.

Don’t: Photograph Children Without Parental Consent

This is a universal rule of ethical travel that holds significant weight in Guatemala. Never take a photograph of a child without first finding their parent or guardian and obtaining clear, explicit permission. It is a fundamental sign of respect for family and a recognition of a parent’s right to protect their child’s privacy and image.

Don’t: Be Intrusive During Ceremonies

If you are fortunate enough to witness a religious procession or a Mayan ceremony, recognize it as a profound cultural experience, not a photo opportunity. Your role is that of a silent and respectful observer. Being discreet is paramount to avoid disrupting a sacred or deeply personal event.

• Keep a respectful distance from the participants. Do not push through crowds or get in the way of the proceedings.
• Turn off your camera’s flash. The sudden burst of light is jarring, disruptive, and considered highly disrespectful.
• Observe quietly. Keep conversations to a minimum and ensure your phone is silenced.
• Consider putting your camera away altogether to fully absorb the moment. The memory of the experience is often more powerful than a photograph.

Interacting with Nature and Ancient Sites

Guatemala’s landscapes are a breathtaking blend of volcanic peaks, serene lakes, and dense jungles that conceal ancient Mayan cities. Engaging with these natural and historical wonders is a core part of any visit, and doing so responsibly ensures they remain for generations to come.

Do: Hire a Local Guide

When venturing into the vast jungle ruins of Tikal or preparing for the challenging ascent of a volcano like Acatenango, a local guide is invaluable. Their expertise goes far beyond simply showing you the way. Guides offer crucial safety knowledge, navigating unpredictable trails and changing weather conditions. They also provide a rich layer of context, pointing out hidden wildlife, explaining the symbolism of Mayan stelae, or sharing stories that bring the landscape to life.

• Safety and Insight: Especially on volcano hikes, guides are trained in first aid and know the routes intimately. In ruins, they illuminate the history and ecology in a way no guidebook can.
• Support Local Economies: Hiring a certified local guide ensures your tourism funds directly benefit the communities that act as stewards of these incredible places.

Don’t: Touch or Climb on Fragile Ruins

The temptation to connect with history by touching ancient stones is understandable, but it’s essential to resist. The Mayan cities you’ll visit are thousands of years old, and their structures are incredibly fragile. Oils from human hands can cause cumulative damage to delicate carvings and stonework over time. While certain pyramids and structures are specifically reinforced and designated as safe to climb, many others are off-limits to protect both the visitor and the monument. Always look for and respect the official signage and roped-off areas. Your restraint helps preserve these irreplaceable world heritage sites for the future.

Don’t: Leave Any Trash Behind

The principle of “Leave No Trace” is fundamental when exploring Guatemala’s natural beauty. Whether you are enjoying the shores of Lake Atitlán, hiking through the highlands, or exploring a national park, your responsibility is to leave the environment exactly as you found it. This means packing out everything you bring in, including food wrappers, plastic bottles, and even organic waste like fruit peels. By carrying a small bag for your rubbish and using reusable water bottles, you play a vital role in protecting the pristine ecosystems that make Guatemala so remarkable.