Salkantay Trek Traveler’s Guide

Salkantay Trek vs. The Classic Inca Trail

For many travelers, the journey to Machu Picchu is as important as the destination itself. While the Classic Inca Trail is world-famous, its lesser-known sibling, the Salkantay Trek, offers an equally spectacular, yet distinctly different, path through the Andes. Choosing between them depends entirely on your priorities as a hiker and traveler. Let’s explore what sets the Salkantay Trek apart.

Why Choose Salkantay?

The Salkantay Trek is often called the “alternative” Inca Trail, but it is a world-class journey in its own right. It appeals to trekkers seeking a more rugged, wild, and accessible adventure. Here are a few compelling reasons to consider this route:

• No Permit Limitations: Unlike the Inca Trail, which is limited to 500 people per day (including guides and porters) and requires permits booked up to a year in advance, the Salkantay Trek has no such restrictions. This allows for far more flexibility and last-minute booking, making it an excellent option for spontaneous travelers.
• Higher Altitude and a Greater Challenge: The trek is physically more demanding, crossing the formidable Salkantay Pass at 4,630 meters (15,190 feet)—significantly higher than the Inca Trail’s Dead Woman’s Pass. This presents a tougher physical challenge that many experienced hikers find deeply rewarding.
• Greater Biodiversity: The Salkantay route is renowned for its dramatic and rapid changes in scenery. Over five days, you’ll journey from arid alpine highlands dominated by the glacier-capped Salkantay Peak down into lush, humid cloud forests and subtropical jungles teeming with unique flora and fauna.
• Fewer Crowds on the Trail: While its popularity is growing, the Salkantay Trek still sees significantly fewer hikers than the Inca Trail. This translates to a more serene and solitary experience on the trail, allowing you to connect more deeply with the immense landscapes of the Andes.

Key Differences at a Glance

To help you make an informed decision, here is a direct comparison of the two most popular treks to Machu Picchu.

Planning Your Salkantay Adventure

Embarking on the Salkantay Trek requires thoughtful preparation. From choosing the right time of year to deciding between a guided or independent journey, these initial decisions will shape your entire experience. Proper planning ensures you can focus on the breathtaking landscapes and personal challenge ahead, rather than logistical hurdles.

Best Time to Go

Timing is a critical factor for trekking in the Andes. The weather patterns around Salkantay are distinct, and each season offers a different trekking experience. You can find more details on this in our guide to the best time to visit Peru.

• Dry Season (April – October): This is the most popular period for a reason. You can expect predominantly clear, sunny days, offering spectacular views of the snow-capped peaks and starry nights. However, the trade-off is colder temperatures, especially at night at the higher elevations. This is also the busiest season, so you will encounter more fellow trekkers on the trail.
• Shoulder Seasons (March, November): These months can offer a wonderful balance. The crowds of the high season have thinned, and the landscape, fresh from the rains, is exceptionally green and vibrant. The weather can be more unpredictable, with a higher chance of afternoon showers, but many find the solitude and lush scenery to be worth the risk.
• Wet Season (December – February): It is generally advised to avoid trekking during this period. Persistent heavy rainfall can lead to treacherous, muddy trail conditions and an increased risk of landslides. The mountains are often shrouded in cloud, obscuring the dramatic vistas that make the trek so famous. Many tour operators cease operations for safety reasons during these months.

Guided Tour vs. Independent Trek

One of the most significant decisions you’ll make is whether to join an organized tour or undertake the trek independently. Each approach has distinct advantages and is suited to different types of travelers.

Going with a Tour Operator

For the vast majority of trekkers, joining a guided tour is the most practical and enjoyable way to experience the Salkantay. A good company handles the complex logistics, allowing you to immerse yourself in the journey.

Pros:

• All logistics, including transportation, permits, food, and campsite setup, are managed for you.
• An experienced guide provides navigation, cultural insights, and crucial safety oversight.
• The camaraderie of a group can enhance the experience.
• Essential gear like tents and cooking equipment is provided, and porters or mules carry the bulk of your equipment.

Cons:

• You are bound to a fixed itinerary with less personal flexibility.
• The daily schedule for hiking, meals, and rest is predetermined.
• It is a more expensive option than trekking independently.

When selecting a tour operator, research is key. Look for a reputable company by checking recent reviews on independent platforms. Ensure they hold the necessary certifications and prioritize the ethical treatment of their porters and staff, providing fair wages and proper equipment. Finally, clarify the group size and exactly what is included in the price—such as meals, water, and entrance fees—to avoid unexpected costs.

Trekking Independently

Tackling the Salkantay Trek on your own is a rewarding but formidable challenge that offers a unique sense of accomplishment.

Pros:

• Complete freedom to set your own pace and itinerary.
• A significantly lower overall cost.
• The profound satisfaction of a self-sufficient expedition.

Cons:

• Requires extensive logistical planning, including route mapping, food sourcing, and transport.
• You must carry all your own gear, including a tent, sleeping bag, cooking equipment, and food.
• Navigation can be challenging in certain sections, and there are inherent safety risks without a guide.

This option should only be considered by very experienced, self-sufficient high-altitude backpackers. You must be proficient in navigation, first aid, and comfortable carrying a heavy pack for multiple days in a remote, high-altitude environment. For general travel safety, consult our guide to safety in Peru.

Physical Preparation and Acclimatization

The Salkantay Trek is a demanding physical undertaking. The combination of long daily distances and high altitude requires a solid level of fitness and, most importantly, proper acclimatization to the elevation. Learning about the weather and climate in Peru can also aid in your preparation.

Getting Trek-Ready

You should have a good level of cardiovascular fitness and be comfortable hiking for 6-8 hours a day on varied terrain. A structured training plan in the months leading up to your trip will make the experience significantly more enjoyable. For more challenging treks, consider our guide to the best hikes in Peru.

• Cardio: Incorporate activities like running, cycling, or swimming into your routine 3-4 times a week to build endurance.
• Strength Training: Focus on building leg and core strength with exercises like squats, lunges, and planks. A strong core is essential for stability on uneven trails.
• Practice Hikes: The best way to train for a trek is to trek. Go on long day hikes, ideally on hilly terrain. Crucially, wear the hiking boots you plan to use in Peru and carry a daypack with some weight in it to simulate the conditions on the trail.

The Importance of Acclimatization

Acclimatization is the process of allowing your body to gradually adjust to the lower oxygen levels at high altitude. Rushing this process is the primary cause of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), which can be dangerous. It is absolutely essential for a safe and successful trek.

Plan to spend a minimum of two to three full days in Cusco (3,400m / 11,152ft) or the Sacred Valley before beginning your trek. During this time, allow your body to adjust by:

• Taking it easy on your first day.
• Engaging in light activities like gentle walks around the city or visiting nearby archaeological sites like Sacsayhuaman. Exploring things to do in Cusco can be a great way to acclimatize.
• Drinking plenty of water and coca tea, a local remedy for altitude.
• Avoiding heavy meals and alcohol, which can inhibit acclimatization.

The Ultimate Salkantay Packing List

Packing for the Salkantay Trek is a balancing act. You’ll journey from frigid alpine passes to humid cloud forests in a matter of days, so versatility is key. Smart packing ensures you’re comfortable, safe, and prepared for whatever the Andean weather throws your way. Here is a comprehensive guide to what you’ll need.

Clothing: The Layering System

The secret to comfort on the Salkantay is the layering system. This allows you to add or remove clothing to perfectly regulate your body temperature as you trek through changing altitudes and microclimates. Avoid cotton, as it absorbs moisture and stays wet, which can be dangerous in cold conditions.

• Base Layer: This is your next-to-skin layer. Its job is to wick sweat away from your body to keep you dry. Look for lightweight, moisture-wicking materials like merino wool or synthetic fabrics (polyester, nylon). Pack 2-3 tops.
• Mid Layer: This is your insulation layer, designed to trap body heat. A fleece jacket or a lightweight down (or synthetic) puffy jacket is ideal. This will be your go-to layer for chilly mornings and evenings at camp.
• Outer Layer: Your shell layer protects you from the elements. A high-quality waterproof and windproof jacket and a pair of waterproof pants are essential. Even in the dry season, mountain weather is unpredictable, and staying dry is critical for warmth and safety.
• Hiking Pants and Camp Clothes: Pack 2-3 pairs of comfortable hiking pants. Convertible pants that zip off into shorts can be useful for the warmer, lower-altitude sections. For evenings at camp, a pair of leggings, thermal bottoms, or comfortable joggers will be a welcome relief from your hiking gear.
• Socks and Underwear: Bring 4-5 pairs of wool or synthetic hiking socks. Good socks are vital for preventing blisters. Pack enough underwear for the duration of the trek.

Footwear and Gear

The right gear can make the difference between an enjoyable challenge and a miserable slog. Prioritize quality and comfort, especially when it comes to what’s on your feet.

• Footwear: A pair of broken-in, waterproof hiking boots is non-negotiable. Your feet are your most important asset on the trail, and new boots are a primary cause of painful blisters. Wear them on several training hikes before you leave home to ensure they are comfortable.
• Camp Shoes: After a long day of hiking, you’ll want to give your feet a break. Pack a pair of lightweight camp shoes like sandals, comfortable sneakers, or crocs to wear around the campsite.
• Backpack: If you are on a guided tour, you will only need a daypack (approximately 25-35 liters). This will be used to carry items you need access to during the day, such as water, snacks, your outer layer, sunscreen, a camera, and a first-aid kit. Your main luggage will be carried by mules in a duffel bag provided by the tour company.
• Trekking Poles: Highly recommended. Trekking poles significantly reduce the strain on your knees, especially during the long, steep descents from the Salkantay Pass. They also improve your balance on uneven terrain and give you an extra push on the ascents.
• Sleeping Bag: You will need a four-season sleeping bag with a comfort rating of at least -10°C (15°F), as nights at high altitude can be very cold. You can either bring your own or rent a high-quality one from your tour operator in Cusco.

Health, Safety, and Documents

Being prepared for minor health issues and having your essential documents in order will give you peace of mind on the trail.

• Personal First-Aid Kit: While your guide will have a comprehensive kit, it’s wise to carry a small personal one. Include blister treatment (moleskin, athletic tape), antiseptic wipes, bandages, pain relievers (ibuprofen or paracetamol), and any personal medications. Consider bringing altitude sickness medication like Acetazolamide, but be sure to consult your doctor first.
• Sun Protection: The sun at high altitude is incredibly strong. Pack high-SPF sunscreen (SPF 50+), a lip balm with SPF, a wide-brimmed hat or cap, and a good pair of UV-blocking sunglasses.
• Insect Repellent: As you descend into the cloud forest on days three and four, mosquitos and other biting insects become more common. A strong insect repellent containing DEET is essential.
• Passport, Insurance, and Cash: You must carry your original passport, as it is required to enter Machu Picchu. A photocopy or digital copy is a good backup. Also, bring proof of your travel insurance and some cash in Peruvian Soles for tips, snacks, drinks, and souvenirs.

The Salkantay Trek: A Day-by-Day Itinerary

The journey to Machu Picchu via the Salkantay route is a story told in five distinct chapters. While several tour operators offer variations in length and accommodation, the classic 5-day, 4-night itinerary remains the most popular for its pacing and comprehensive experience. What follows is a guide to this classic route, outlining the challenges and rewards of each day on the trail.

Day 1: Cusco to Soraypampa and Humantay Lake

The adventure begins before dawn with a very early departure from Cusco. The drive itself is part of the experience, winding out of the city and into the Sacred Valley, where rural Andean life unfolds. After a stop for breakfast, you’ll arrive at the trailhead. The first day’s hike is relatively moderate, serving as a gentle introduction to the trail and the altitude. As you walk, the immense, snow-dusted peaks of the Vilcabamba range, including the formidable Salkantay, come into view. The main event of the day is the challenging side-hike up to the brilliant, turquoise waters of Humantay Lake. The steep ascent is demanding, but the reward is an unforgettable view of the glacial lake resting at the base of the Humantay mountain. The first night is spent at a campsite in Soraypampa, where the crisp, thin air and a spectacular canopy of stars offer a powerful welcome to the high Andes.

Day 2: The Salkantay Pass

This is the day the trek is named for and is widely considered the most physically demanding. The morning is dedicated to the steady, high-altitude ascent to the trek’s highest point: the Salkantay Pass at 4,630 meters (15,190 feet). The air is thin, and each step is an effort, but the proximity to the colossal, ice-carved Salkantay mountain is profoundly humbling. Reaching the pass is a moment of pure accomplishment, marked by breathtaking views and a palpable sense of achievement. From this stark, rocky apex, the journey shifts dramatically. The long descent takes you away from the alpine environment and down into a sheltered valley. The temperature warms, the air thickens, and the scenery transforms from wind-swept scree to the first signs of green vegetation. It’s a day of physical extremes and profound scenic transition.

Day 3: Into the Cloud Forest

After the rigors of the previous day, Day 3 offers a welcome change of pace with a significant drop in altitude. The trail follows the Santa Teresa River valley, descending into a completely different ecosystem. The landscape becomes increasingly lush and vibrant as you enter the high jungle, or cloud forest. The air grows warmer and more humid, filled with the sounds of birds and rushing water. You’ll walk past waterfalls, cross streams, and see a variety of flora, including wild orchids, passion fruit, and coffee plantations. This is the “jungle” portion of the trek, a verdant, lively world that feels a universe away from the icy pass of the day before.

Day 4: Llactapata to Aguas Calientes

The fourth day provides a unique historical perspective. Part of the trail follows an original, stone-paved Inca trail that leads to the ruins of Llactapata. From this archaeological site, perched on a mountainside, you are granted your first, tantalizing glimpse of Machu Picchu across the valley. Seeing the distant citadel is a powerful motivator for the final leg of the trek. From Llactapata, a steep descent leads to the hydroelectric plant, a major landmark in the area. The final stretch is a relatively flat walk along the train tracks into the bustling town of Aguas Calientes. Arriving here marks the end of the trekking portion and the return to civilization. The reward is tangible: a hot shower, a meal in a restaurant, and the comfort of a real bed.

Day 5: The Grand Finale – Machu Picchu

The final day is dedicated to the ultimate destination. An early start is essential to experience Machu Picchu in the tranquil morning light. You can choose to take one of the first buses up the winding road or undertake the final, steep hike to the entrance. Witnessing the sun rise over the iconic stone structures is a remarkable experience. Most tours include a guided exploration of the citadel, where a guide will explain the history and significance of the temples, terraces, and residential areas. Afterward, you’ll have free time to explore the vast site on your own. For those who have pre-booked permits, this is the time to undertake the strenuous but rewarding climb up Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain for unparalleled panoramic views of the entire complex.

Life on the Trail: What to Expect

One of the most remarkable aspects of the Salkantay Trek is how comfortable and well-supported you can be while deep in the remote Andes. The experience is far from “roughing it” in the traditional sense. A dedicated team works tirelessly behind the scenes to ensure your journey is safe, comfortable, and memorable. Here’s a closer look at the daily logistics of life on the trail.

Accommodation

Your nightly accommodation will vary depending on the tour operator and the specific package you choose, but it generally offers a welcome respite after a long day of hiking. You can expect one of the following:

• Tents: The standard for most tours. You’ll typically be provided with a high-quality, four-season, two-person tent (which you share with one other trekker, or have to yourself for a single supplement fee). The crew sets up and takes down the tents for you each day.
• Sky Domes / Geodesic Domes: Some companies offer an upgraded experience, particularly for the first night at Soraypampa. These domes often have clear panels, allowing for incredible stargazing from the comfort of your bed.
• Andean Huts: On certain routes or with specific operators, you might spend a night in a simple, rustic mountain hut. These offer a bit more protection from the elements than a tent.

While the structure is provided, you need to consider your sleeping setup. Tour companies typically provide a basic foam or inflatable sleeping mat. However, you are almost always responsible for your own sleeping bag. You can either bring your own (rated for at least -10°C / 14°F) or rent one from the tour company in Cusco. For more information on what to expect, check out our best things to do in Cusco, as this is where most treks begin.

Food and Water

The quality and quantity of food on the Salkantay Trek are consistently a highlight for travelers. You will be amazed at the delicious, multi-course meals that the trail cooks can prepare in a mountain kitchen tent.

• Typical Meals: Expect a full, hot breakfast (pancakes, eggs, oatmeal, fruit), a substantial lunch, and a three-course dinner. Meals are a blend of Peruvian and international cuisine, designed to be high in carbohydrates and protein to fuel your trek. Soups are a common and welcome starter at dinner.
• Snacks and “Happy Hour”: After arriving at camp each afternoon, you’ll be greeted with “happy hour,” which consists of hot drinks like coca tea or coffee, served with popcorn, biscuits, and other snacks. You’ll also be given small bags of snacks (fruit, granola bars, chocolate) for the day’s hike.
• Water Safety: Staying hydrated is critical at altitude. You cannot drink tap water from the streams. Your trekking crew will provide safe drinking water throughout the journey. Typically, they boil water in the morning (to fill your bottles for the day) and again in the evening. Some may use filters or purification tablets as a backup. It is essential to bring your own reusable water bottle or hydration reservoir (at least 2 liters capacity). For tips on staying safe, consult our guide on the rainbow mountain.

Guides, Porters, and Cooks

The success of your trek rests on the shoulders of your support crew. This team of dedicated professionals makes the entire experience possible, allowing you to focus on the hiking and the scenery.

• The Guide: Your guide is your leader, translator, historian, and safety manager. A good guide will not only navigate the trail but also share insights into the local culture, history, flora, and fauna. They monitor your health, set a sustainable pace, and make all the key decisions on the trail.
• Porters and Muleteers (Arrieros): Unlike the Inca Trail, where human porters carry the gear, the Salkantay Trek primarily uses mules and horses, managed by muleteers (arrieros). These hardworking individuals are responsible for transporting all the camping equipment, food, cooking supplies, and your personal duffel bag between campsites. They often start earlier and finish later than the trekking group.
• The Cook: The unsung hero of the trail, the cook and their assistants are responsible for planning, purchasing, and preparing all the meals. Their ability to create diverse and delicious menus in rustic conditions is nothing short of incredible.

Tipping Etiquette: Tipping the support crew is a customary and highly appreciated gesture that acknowledges their hard work. While optional, it is strongly encouraged. Tour companies usually provide recommendations, but a general guideline is to budget between $60 to $80 USD per trekker for the entire crew. On the last night, your group will typically pool the money together. The guide will help facilitate the process, often suggesting how to divide the total amount between the guides, cooks, and arrieros, which you can then present to them with a few words of thanks.

Budgeting for Your Trek

Understanding the costs associated with the Salkantay Trek is key to planning a smooth and enjoyable journey. While the trek is generally more affordable than the Inca Trail, costs can vary based on the tour operator and your personal spending habits. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect.

Typical Tour Costs

Most Salkantay Trek packages are quite comprehensive, bundling the major logistical elements into one price. This provides convenience and peace of mind, allowing you to focus on the hike itself. A standard tour price will almost always cover the essentials for your journey from Cusco to Machu Picchu.

What’s usually included in a standard package:

• Transportation from your accommodation in Cusco to the trailhead at Soraypampa.
• An experienced, bilingual local guide.
• Entrance fees for the Salkantay trail and the Machu Picchu citadel.
• A team of cooks and muleteers (arrieros) with mules to carry the main gear and food.
• Most meals on the trail (typically from lunch on Day 1 to breakfast on Day 5).
• Camping equipment, including tents and sleeping mats.
• Train ticket from Aguas Calientes back to Ollantaytambo and bus transfer to Cusco.

However, it’s just as important to know what is almost always an extra expense. These are items you should budget for separately:

• Tips for the crew: Gratuities for your guide, cook, and muleteers are customary and a significant part of their income. Tour companies will provide recommendations on amounts.
• Last day’s lunch: Lunch in Aguas Calientes on Day 5, after your Machu Picchu tour, is typically not included.
• Snacks and drinks: While main meals are provided, you’ll want to bring your own favorite energy bars, trail mix, and money for any soft drinks or alcoholic beverages.
• Gear rentals: A good quality sleeping bag and trekking poles are often available to rent from the tour company for an additional fee. For those interested in other treks, explore the Huayhuash Hike.

Potential Additional Expenses

Beyond the tour package and its immediate extras, there are a few other costs to consider that depend on your preferences and travel style. Factoring these into your budget beforehand will prevent any last-minute surprises.

• Bus to/from Machu Picchu: On Day 5, you can either hike for 90 minutes up to the citadel from Aguas Calientes or take a 25-minute bus. Most travelers opt for the bus to save their energy. This is a separate ticket that you will need to purchase.
• Entrance to Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain: A standard ticket allows entry to the main citadel. If you wish to climb one of the adjacent mountains for panoramic views, you must purchase a separate, combination ticket well in advance, as permits are limited.
• Souvenirs and personal spending: You may wish to buy souvenirs from local artisans in Aguas Calientes or purchase water and snacks along the trail. It’s wise to carry some cash in Peruvian Soles for these small purchases. Consider our guide on Humantay Lake for ideas.

Salkantay Trek FAQ

How difficult is the Salkantay Trek?

The Salkantay Trek is generally considered a challenging but rewarding trek, often rated as more difficult than the Classic Inca Trail. The primary challenge is not the distance itself, but the high altitude, particularly on the second day when you cross the Salkantay Pass. Trekkers should be in good physical condition and have some experience with multi-day hiking. If you regularly engage in cardiovascular exercise and are prepared for steep ascents and descents, the trek is very achievable.

The impact of altitude is the most significant factor. The trek covers roughly 74 kilometers (46 miles) over five days, which is a manageable daily distance for most hikers. However, ascending to 4,630 meters (15,190 feet) places significant strain on the body. Proper acclimatization before the trek is not just recommended; it is essential for your safety and enjoyment.

What about altitude sickness?

Altitude sickness, or Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), is a common concern for trekkers in the Andes. It occurs when your body doesn’t adapt quickly enough to the lower oxygen levels at high elevations. It can affect anyone, regardless of age or fitness level. Common symptoms to watch for include:

• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Dizziness
• Fatigue and loss of energy
• Shortness of breath
• Loss of appetite
• Difficulty sleeping

The best prevention is proper acclimatization in Cusco for at least two to three days before starting. During the trek, stay well-hydrated, avoid alcohol, and walk at a slow, steady pace—”pole, pole” as they say in other parts of the world. Local remedies include chewing coca leaves or drinking coca tea (mate de coca), which can help alleviate mild symptoms. It is also wise to consult your doctor before your trip about preventative medication such as Acetazolamide (Diamox).

Are there toilets and showers?

Facilities along the Salkantay Trek are basic but have improved over the years. Most campsites are equipped with toilets, which can range from simple squat toilets to more modern flush facilities, especially at campsites near local communities. It’s always a good idea to carry your own toilet paper and hand sanitizer.

Showers are a rare luxury. You should not expect a shower on the first or second night. Some campsites on the third or fourth night may offer hot showers for a small fee (typically around 10 Peruvian Soles), but this is not guaranteed. For the most part, trekkers rely on wet wipes and a small travel towel for personal hygiene.

What happens to my main luggage?

You will not carry your main travel luggage on the trek. Before you depart from Cusco, you will pack what you need for the trail into a duffel bag, which is typically provided by your tour operator. This duffel bag is then transported from campsite to campsite by mules and muleteers (arrieros), leaving you to carry only a small daypack.

Tour companies enforce a strict weight limit for the duffel bag, usually around 5-7 kilograms (11-15 pounds) per person. This limit includes your sleeping bag. In your daypack, you should carry only the essentials you’ll need during the day’s hike: water, snacks, sun protection, a rain jacket, a warm layer, your camera, and your passport. Everything else, such as spare clothing, toiletries, and your sleeping bag, goes into the duffel bag.