North Iceland (Norðurland)

North Iceland (Norðurland) is a land of raw, untamed beauty, where volcanic landscapes meet cascading waterfalls and geothermal wonders. From the dramatic lava fields of Mývatn to the powerful Dettifoss waterfall, this region offers a thrilling mix of adventure and serenity. Whether chasing the Northern Lights or soaking in hot springs, Norðurland captivates with its otherworldly charm.

Essentials

  • Best Months to Visit: August, July, June, May, September

zone Facts

  • Geographical Location: Northern region of Iceland, stretching from the Arctic Circle in the north to the highlands in the south, characterized by coastal plains, fjords, and volcanic landscapes.
  • Main City/Town: Akureyri, the largest urban center and cultural hub of North Iceland.
  • Approximate Area: Around 21,968 sq km (8,482 sq miles), making it one of Iceland's largest regions.
  • Key Geographical Features:
    • Lake Mývatn, a volcanic lake with unique geothermal activity and birdlife.
    • Dettifoss, Europe's most powerful waterfall.
    • Jökulsárgljúfur National Park, home to the Ásbyrgi canyon.
    • Húsavík, a prime whale-watching destination.
  • Dominant Climate Type: Subarctic climate with cool summers and cold winters, though milder than other Arctic regions due to the Gulf Stream.
  • Population: Approximately 30,000 people, with most residing in Akureyri and surrounding towns.
  • Main Economic Activities:
    • Tourism, driven by natural attractions like whale watching, geothermal sites, and hiking.
    • Fishing and aquaculture, particularly in coastal towns.
    • Agriculture, including sheep farming and dairy production.
  • Common Languages/Dialects Spoken: Icelandic (no distinct dialects in this zone).
  • Best Time to Visit: June to August for mild weather and midnight sun, or September to March for Northern Lights viewing.
  • Unique Selling Points:
    • One of the best places in the world for whale watching, especially in Húsavík.
    • Geothermal wonders like the Mývatn Nature Baths and Námaskarð Pass.

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Tours and Day Trips

Lake Mývatn & Krafla Volcano Tour

Discover the otherworldly landscapes of Lake Mývatn, a geothermal wonderland dotted with bubbling mud pots, steaming fumaroles, and surreal lava formations. This full-day tour often includes stops at the Krafla Volcano and Víti Crater, where travelers can walk along volcanic fissures and soak in the mineral-rich Mývatn Nature Baths. Perfect for nature lovers and geology enthusiasts, this excursion showcases Iceland's raw volcanic power.

Whale Watching from Húsavík

Known as the whale-watching capital of Iceland, Húsavík offers unforgettable boat tours to spot humpback whales, minke whales, and even blue whales in Skjálfandi Bay. Tours typically last 3–4 hours and are led by expert guides who share insights about marine life. Families and wildlife photographers will love this chance to see these majestic creatures up close, often with the backdrop of snow-capped mountains.

Dettifoss & Ásbyrgi Canyon Day Trip

Journey to Dettifoss, Europe's most powerful waterfall, where the thunderous roar of glacial water plunging into the Jökulsárgljúfur canyon is awe-inspiring. The tour often includes a visit to Ásbyrgi Canyon, a horseshoe-shaped glacial valley steeped in Norse mythology. Hikers and adventure seekers will relish the rugged trails and dramatic scenery, making this a must-do for those craving Iceland's untamed beauty.

Goðafoss Waterfall & Akureyri Cultural Tour

Combine natural splendor with local charm on this half-day tour to Goðafoss, the "Waterfall of the Gods," where cascading blue waters create a mesmerizing spectacle. The trip usually includes a stop in Akureyri, Iceland's vibrant northern capital, to explore its botanical gardens, cozy cafés, and iconic church. Ideal for history buffs and leisurely travelers, this excursion blends scenic beauty with cultural insights.

Horseback Riding in Eyjafjörður

Experience Iceland's unique tölt gait on a horseback riding adventure through the rolling hills and black-sand beaches of Eyjafjörður. Suitable for beginners and experienced riders alike, these tours offer a peaceful way to soak in the fjord's stunning vistas. Guides often share stories about the Icelandic horse's Viking heritage, making it a hit with animal lovers and history enthusiasts.

When to visit

Seasonal Breakdown

North Iceland (Norðurland) experiences distinct seasons, each offering unique travel experiences. The region's subarctic climate means cold winters, mild summers, and dramatic shifts in daylight hours. Below is a detailed breakdown of each season:

Winter (December - February)

Winter in North Iceland is cold, with temperatures ranging from -5°C to 3°C (23°F to 37°F). Snow blankets the landscape, creating a magical winter wonderland. Daylight is limited, with only 4-5 hours of sunlight in December, but this is the prime time for witnessing the Northern Lights.

  • Pros: Spectacular aurora displays, fewer tourists, and opportunities for winter activities like snowmobiling and ice caving.
  • Cons: Some roads and attractions may be inaccessible due to snow, and daylight is scarce.
  • Events: Christmas and New Year celebrations, with festive lights and local traditions.

Spring (March - May)

Spring brings milder temperatures, ranging from 0°C to 10°C (32°F to 50°F), and increasing daylight. Snow begins to melt, revealing lush greenery and cascading waterfalls.

  • Pros: Fewer crowds, lower prices, and the chance to see migrating birds and blooming wildflowers.
  • Cons: Weather can be unpredictable, with occasional snowstorms or rain.
  • Events: Easter celebrations, with local customs and seasonal foods.

Summer (June - August)

Summer is the warmest and brightest season, with temperatures between 8°C to 15°C (46°F to 59°F) and nearly 24 hours of daylight in June and July. This is the peak tourist season.

  • Pros: Ideal for hiking, whale watching, and exploring the region's natural attractions. All roads and sites are accessible.
  • Cons: Higher prices and crowded attractions. No Northern Lights due to the midnight sun.
  • Events: The Midnight Sun Festival in Akureyri, celebrating the endless daylight with music and cultural activities.

Autumn (September - November)

Autumn sees cooling temperatures, from 2°C to 10°C (36°F to 50°F), and shorter days. The landscape turns golden, and the Northern Lights return by late September.

  • Pros: Stunning fall foliage, fewer tourists, and the return of the aurora. Great for photography.
  • Cons: Weather becomes more unpredictable, with rain and early snow possible.
  • Events: Harvest festivals and local food events showcasing Icelandic produce.

Overall Recommendation

The best time to visit North Iceland depends on your priorities:

  • For Northern Lights and winter activities: Visit between December and February.
  • For mild weather and fewer crowds: Consider May or September.
  • For hiking and midnight sun: June to August is ideal, but book early.

Considerations

Peak tourist season (June-August) brings higher prices and crowded attractions, while off-peak months offer lower costs and solitude. Winter travel requires careful planning due to weather conditions, but rewards with unique experiences like ice caves and auroras.

What to pack

What to Pack for North Iceland (Norðurland)

North Iceland’s rugged landscapes, unpredictable weather, and outdoor adventures demand practical gear. Here’s what you won’t want to forget:

Weatherproof Gear

  • Insulated Waterproof Jacket: Wind and rain are frequent, even in summer. A durable shell with insulation is key.
  • Thermal Base Layers: Merino wool or synthetic layers trap heat during chilly coastal or highland excursions.
  • Waterproof Hiking Pants: Protect against wet conditions, especially near waterfalls or on trails like Dettifoss.
  • Warm Hat and Gloves: Essential year-round—wind chill is harsh, even in milder months.

Footwear

  • Sturdy Waterproof Hiking Boots: Trails are often rocky, muddy, or icy (even in summer). Ankle support is crucial.
  • Ice Cleats (Winter): For navigating icy paths near waterfalls or volcanic terrain.

Outdoor Essentials

  • Swimsuit & Quick-Dry Towel: For geothermal pools like Mývatn Nature Baths.
  • Reusable Water Bottle: Tap water is safe and delicious—save money and reduce waste.
  • Portable Power Bank: Cold drains batteries fast; vital for navigation or aurora hunting.
  • Headlamp: Essential in winter for limited daylight or summer for late-night hikes.

Extras for Adventure

  • Binoculars: Spot whales in Húsavík or puffins along coastal cliffs.
  • Camera with Weather Protection: Capture dramatic landscapes—rain or shine.
  • Small Backpack: For day trips to carry layers, snacks, and gear.

Getting there

By Air

The primary airport serving North Iceland (Norðurland) is Akureyri Airport (AEY), which offers domestic flights from Reykjavík (RKV and KEF) and limited seasonal international connections. From the airport, you can reach key destinations in the region by:

  • Rental car: Several agencies operate at AEY, ideal for exploring the region independently.
  • Taxi or shuttle: Available outside the terminal, with services to Akureyri (5-minute drive) and nearby towns.
  • Public bus: Limited routes connect Akureyri to other parts of Norðurland; check schedules in advance.

Practical tip: Flights from Reykjavík to Akureyri take about 45 minutes and are often cheaper if booked early. International travelers typically fly into Keflavík International Airport (KEF) and transfer to a domestic flight.

By Bus/Coach

Long-distance buses operated by Strætó and Sterna connect Reykjavík to North Iceland, with Akureyri as the main hub. Key routes include:

  • Route 57: Reykjavík to Akureyri (6–7 hours, with stops along the Ring Road).
  • Route 56: Egilsstaðir to Akureyri (4–5 hours, scenic Eastfjords route).

Practical tip: Buses are infrequent outside summer; book tickets online and confirm schedules. Transfer points like Borgarnes or Blönduós may require planning.

By Car (Driving)

The Ring Road (Route 1) is the main artery to North Iceland, connecting Reykjavík (5–6 hours) and Egilsstaðir (3–4 hours) to Akureyri. Secondary routes like Route 82 (to Húsavík) or Route 85 (to Þórshöfn) branch off the Ring Road.

  • Driving conditions: Paved roads are well-maintained, but gravel roads (e.g., inland routes like F35) require a 4x4, especially in winter.
  • Winter travel: Check road.is for weather alerts and closures; studded tires are recommended.

Practical tip: Fuel up in larger towns (e.g., Akureyri or Húsavík), as stations are sparse in remote areas.

Getting around

Public Buses and Local Transport

North Iceland's public bus system, operated by Strætó, connects major towns like Akureyri, Húsavík, and Siglufjörður, as well as key attractions such as Goðafoss and Mývatn. Buses are reliable but infrequent, especially in winter.

  • Tickets: Purchase via the Strætó app or with cash on board (exact change preferred). Single fares start at around 600 ISK.
  • Routes: Check schedules online, as some routes run only a few times a day.
  • Tourist Tip: Consider a multi-day pass if exploring multiple stops.

Taxis and Ride-Sharing

Taxis are available in towns like Akureyri and Húsavík but can be expensive for long distances. Ride-sharing apps like Uber do not operate here, but local taxi companies like Akureyri Taxi or Húsavík Taxi are reliable.

  • Cost: Short rides start at ~1,500 ISK; airport transfers cost significantly more.
  • Booking: Call ahead or use local taxi stands; apps are rarely used.

Car and Scooter Rentals

Renting a car is the most flexible way to explore North Iceland, especially for remote areas like Dettifoss or the Arctic Coast Way. Scooters are rare due to unpredictable weather.

  • Rental Agencies: Major companies (e.g., Blue Car Rental, Hertz) operate in Akureyri.
  • Road Conditions: Gravel roads are common; 4x4 recommended for highland routes.
  • Fuel: Stations are sparse outside towns; fill up when possible.

Cycling and Walking

Cycling is feasible in summer, with bike rentals in Akureyri and Húsavík. Dedicated paths are limited, but quiet roads suit experienced cyclists. Walking is ideal for compact towns like Siglufjörður.

  • Bike Rentals: ~5,000 ISK/day; helmets often included.
  • Safety: High-vis gear recommended; weather changes rapidly.

Unique Local Transport

In winter, super jeep tours or snowmobiles access icy areas like Askja. Whale-watching boats in Húsavík double as seasonal transport to nearby islands.

  • Book Ahead: Tours fill quickly; prices vary (e.g., ~15,000 ISK for a snowmobile trip).

Culture

Cultural Identity of North Iceland

North Iceland (Norðurland) is a region shaped by its rugged landscapes, resilient communities, and deep-rooted ties to Iceland’s sagas and folklore. Unlike the more tourist-heavy south, the north retains a quieter, more introspective character, where traditions like réttir (sheep round-ups) and þorrablót (winter feasts) are still vibrant. The dialect here is distinct, with softer consonants and unique phrases, reflecting its historical isolation. Fishing, farming, and geothermal energy define daily life, while the region’s artistic scene—from Akureyri’s galleries to grassroots music festivals—showcases a creative spirit nurtured by long winters and dramatic nature.

Local Traditions & Festivals

North Iceland’s calendar revolves around seasonal rituals. The réttir in September sees farmers and volunteers herd sheep from highland pastures, a communal event followed by feasting. In winter, þorrablót celebrates Norse heritage with fermented shark, rye bread, and storytelling. Akureyri’s Winter Lights Festival transforms the dark months with art installations and concerts, while smaller towns like Húsavík host Whale Festival, honoring their maritime identity.

  • Attend a réttir in Varmahlíð or Skagafjörður for an authentic slice of rural life.
  • Try hákarl (fermented shark) at a þorrablót—locals will cheer your bravery.

Arts & Music

The north’s artistic pulse beats strongest in Akureyri, home to the Akureyri Art Museum and grassroots venues like Hof Cultural Center. Folk music thrives here, with bands like Kaleo and Árstíðir drawing inspiration from the region’s haunting landscapes. The Eistnaflug metal festival in Neskaupstaður attracts international crowds, while Siglufjörður’s Folk Music Center preserves traditional Icelandic ballads.

Cuisine & Local Flavors

North Iceland’s cuisine leans on lamb (free-grazing sheep), skyr (Icelandic yogurt), and seafood like haddock from Eyjafjörður. Try kjötsúpa (lamb soup) at a roadside café or fresh langoustine in Höfn. Craft breweries like Kaldi in Árskógssandur and family-run dairy farms offer tastings, showcasing the region’s self-sufficient ethos.

  • Sample rúgbrauð (geothermally baked rye bread) at Laugafell hot springs.
  • Visit Vaglaskógur forest for a picnic with locally foraged berries.

Historical & Folklore Influences

The north is saga country—Grágás (medieval laws) were enforced at Þingeyrar, and Grettis Saga unfolds along the coast. Trolls and hidden people (huldufólk) feature heavily in local lore; landmarks like Hvítserkur rock are said to be petrified trolls. The Glaumbær Turf House museum and Laufás historic church offer glimpses into pre-modern life.