South Iceland (Suðurland)

South Iceland (Suðurland) is a land of fire and ice, where glaciers meet volcanoes and black sand beaches stretch beneath towering cliffs. Home to the iconic Seljalandsfoss and Skógafoss waterfalls, the otherworldly Reynisfjara coast, and the geothermal wonders of Landmannalaugar, this region offers raw, dramatic landscapes at every turn. Adventure seekers and nature lovers will find endless inspiration in its untamed beauty.

Essentials

  • Best Months to Visit: April, August, July, June, May, September

zone Facts

  • Geographical Location: Southern region of Iceland, stretching from the Reykjanes Peninsula in the west to the Vatnajökull glacier in the east.
  • Main City/Town: Selfoss, the largest urban center in South Iceland.
  • Approximate Area: Around 24,000 sq km (9,300 sq miles).
  • Key Geographical Features:
    • Vatnajökull (Europe's largest glacier)
    • Eyjafjallajökull and Hekla volcanoes
    • Reynisfjara black sand beach
    • Seljalandsfoss and Skógafoss waterfalls
    • Þingvellir National Park (part of the Golden Circle)
  • Dominant Climate Type: Subarctic oceanic climate, with cool summers and relatively mild winters compared to other regions at similar latitudes.
  • Population: Approximately 28,000 inhabitants.
  • Main Economic Activities:
    • Tourism (major destination for international visitors)
    • Agriculture (especially dairy farming and greenhouse cultivation)
    • Renewable energy (geothermal and hydropower)
  • Common Languages/Dialects Spoken: Icelandic (no distinct dialects in this zone).
  • Best Time to Visit: June to August for mild weather and midnight sun, or September to October for fewer crowds and autumn colors.
  • Unique Selling Points:
    • Home to some of Iceland's most iconic natural attractions, including glaciers, waterfalls, and volcanic landscapes.
    • Gateway to the Golden Circle route, featuring Geysir, Gullfoss, and Þingvellir.

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Tours and Day Trips

Golden Circle Classic Tour

One of Iceland's most iconic routes, the Golden Circle, is a must-do day trip from South Iceland. This tour typically includes stops at the mighty Gullfoss waterfall, the geothermal wonderland of Geysir (home to the erupting Strokkur geyser), and the historic Þingvellir National Park, where you can walk between tectonic plates. The tour lasts about 8–10 hours and is perfect for families, nature lovers, and history enthusiasts alike.

Glacier Hiking & Ice Cave Exploration on Vatnajökull

For adventure seekers, a guided glacier hike or ice cave tour on Vatnajökull, Europe's largest glacier, is an unforgettable experience. Traverse otherworldly blue ice formations, explore crystal caves (seasonal), and learn about glacial geology from expert guides. Tours range from 3–8 hours and require moderate physical fitness, making them ideal for active travelers.

South Coast Adventure to Reynisfjara & Skógafoss

This scenic drive along Iceland's dramatic South Coast showcases black sand beaches like Reynisfjara (with its basalt columns and roaring waves) and the thunderous Skógafoss waterfall. Optional add-ons include visiting the Seljalandsfoss waterfall (where you can walk behind the cascade) or hiking to the Fjaðrárgljúfur canyon. A full-day tour (10–12 hours) suits photographers and landscape admirers.

Landmannalaugar Super Jeep & Hot Springs Tour

Venture into the rugged highlands of Landmannalaugar, known for its rhyolite mountains, geothermal pools, and lava fields. Accessible only by 4x4 in summer, this tour combines hiking through surreal landscapes with a soak in natural hot springs. A long day trip (12+ hours), it’s best for those craving off-the-beaten-path thrills.

Katla Ice Cave & Volcano Jeep Tour

Discover the hidden ice caves beneath Katla volcano, named after the fiery giant itself. Super Jeeps take you to remote glacial tongues where you’ll explore electric-blue ice tunnels (winter only) and learn about Iceland’s volcanic activity. This 3–5 hour excursion is great for small groups and geology buffs.

When to visit

Seasonal Breakdown

South Iceland (Suðurland) experiences distinct seasons, each offering unique travel experiences. The region's climate is characterized by cool summers, chilly winters, and unpredictable weather year-round. Below is a detailed breakdown of the seasons:

Winter (December - February)

Winter in South Iceland is cold, with temperatures ranging from -5°C to 3°C (23°F to 37°F). Snowfall is common, and daylight is limited, with only 4-5 hours of sunlight in December. However, this is the prime time for witnessing the Northern Lights and exploring ice caves.

  • Pros: Fewer crowds, magical winter landscapes, and unique activities like glacier hikes and ice cave tours.
  • Cons: Shorter daylight hours, some roads and attractions may be closed due to snow.
  • Events: Christmas and New Year celebrations, with festive lights and local traditions.

Spring (March - May)

Spring brings milder temperatures, ranging from 0°C to 10°C (32°F to 50°F), and longer daylight hours. The snow begins to melt, revealing lush greenery and waterfalls at their fullest.

  • Pros: Ideal for photography, fewer tourists, and the chance to see puffins arriving in late April.
  • Cons: Weather can still be unpredictable, with occasional snow or rain.
  • Events: Easter celebrations and the arrival of migratory birds.

Summer (June - August)

Summer is the warmest and most popular season, with temperatures between 8°C and 15°C (46°F to 59°F). Daylight is nearly continuous, with the Midnight Sun in June and July.

  • Pros: Best weather for outdoor activities, all attractions are open, and vibrant landscapes.
  • Cons: Peak tourist season means higher prices and crowded sites.
  • Events: Secret Solstice Festival, Reykjavik Pride, and various local fairs.

Autumn (September - November)

Autumn sees temperatures drop to 0°C to 10°C (32°F to 50°F), with shorter days and colorful foliage. The Northern Lights begin to reappear in late September.

  • Pros: Stunning fall colors, fewer crowds, and lower accommodation rates.
  • Cons: Increasingly unpredictable weather, some attractions may close earlier.
  • Events: Iceland Airwaves music festival in November.

Overall Recommendation

The best time to visit South Iceland depends on your priorities:

  • For Northern Lights and winter adventures: Visit between December and February.
  • For mild weather and fewer crowds: Consider May or September.
  • For peak accessibility and activities: June to August is ideal, but book early.

Considerations

South Iceland's peak tourist season (June-August) brings higher prices and crowded sites, while the off-peak seasons (October-April) offer lower rates but limited daylight and weather challenges. Shoulder seasons (May and September) strike a balance between good weather and manageable crowds.

What to pack

What to Pack for South Iceland (Suðurland)

South Iceland's dramatic landscapes—from glaciers to black sand beaches—demand practical gear for unpredictable weather and rugged terrain. Here’s what you’ll need to stay comfortable and prepared.

Weather & Outdoor Essentials

  • Waterproof Shell Jacket: Sudden rain and wind are common, even in summer.
  • Insulated Layers (fleece/down): Temperatures drop quickly, especially near glaciers or at night.
  • Waterproof Hiking Boots: Essential for slippery trails, river crossings, and volcanic terrain.
  • Quick-Dry Pants: Ideal for waterfalls, hot springs, and unpredictable showers.
  • Gloves & Warm Hat: Wind chill can be harsh, even in milder seasons.

Activity-Specific Gear

  • Swimsuit & Microfiber Towel: For geothermal pools like Seljavallalaug or Secret Lagoon.
  • Sturdy Traction Cleats (winter): Ice on trails (e.g., Skógafoss) can be treacherous.
  • Camera with Extra Batteries: Cold drains batteries faster; you’ll want to capture the surreal landscapes.
  • Headlamp (Oct–Mar): Limited daylight hours in winter for exploring caves or aurora hunting.

Miscellaneous Must-Haves

  • Reusable Water Bottle: Tap water is pristine, and refills are easy.
  • Windproof Umbrella: A compact one can shield you from horizontal rain near the coast.
  • Small Backpack: For carrying layers and snacks during day hikes.

Getting there

By Air

The nearest major international airport to South Iceland (Suðurland) is Keflavík International Airport (KEF), located about 50 km southwest of Reykjavík. From KEF, travelers can reach South Iceland via:

  • Rental Car: The most flexible option, with agencies available at the airport. The drive to South Iceland via Route 1 (the Ring Road) takes approximately 2–3 hours, depending on your destination.
  • Bus: Flybus and other shuttle services connect KEF to Reykjavík, where you can transfer to long-distance buses like Straeto or Reykjavík Excursions heading south.
  • Domestic Flights: For quicker access, small domestic flights operate from Reykjavík Domestic Airport (RKV) to Vestmannaeyjar (VEY), a key island in South Iceland.

By Bus/Coach

Long-distance buses are a reliable way to reach South Iceland, especially from Reykjavík:

  • Straeto: Public buses run from Reykjavík to towns like Hveragerði, Selfoss, and Vík, with connections to smaller villages.
  • Private Tours/Shuttles: Companies like Reykjavík Excursions offer direct routes to popular South Iceland destinations, including waterfalls, glaciers, and the Black Sand Beach.
  • Booking Tips: Schedules are seasonal—check in advance, especially in winter. Buses may require transfers in Reykjavík or Selfoss.

By Car (Driving)

Driving is the most convenient way to explore South Iceland, with Route 1 (the Ring Road) as the primary artery:

  • From Reykjavík: Take Route 1 eastbound, passing through towns like Hveragerði and Selfoss. The drive to Vík takes about 2.5 hours.
  • Road Conditions: Paved roads are well-maintained, but gravel roads or mountain passes (e.g., F-roads) may require a 4x4, especially in winter.
  • Practical Advice: Rent a car with winter tires (October–April) and monitor road.is for weather alerts. Fuel stations can be sparse in remote areas.

By Train

Iceland has no passenger train network, so rail travel is not an option for reaching South Iceland.

Getting around

By Car or Motorcycle

Renting a car or motorcycle is the most flexible way to explore South Iceland, as public transport is limited outside major towns. The Ring Road (Route 1) connects key attractions like Seljalandsfoss, Skógafoss, and Vík, while smaller roads lead to hidden gems like Landmannalaugar. Four-wheel drive is recommended for highland routes (F-roads).

  • Car Rentals: Available in Reykjavík or at Keflavík Airport; book in advance for better rates.
  • Road Conditions: Check road.is for weather and closures, especially in winter.
  • Fuel: Stations are sparse in remote areas; fill up when possible.

Public Buses (Strætó)

Strætó operates limited bus routes between towns like Selfoss, Hveragerði, and Vík, but service is infrequent and not ideal for sightseeing. Schedules are seasonal, with reduced winter routes.

  • Tickets: Purchase via the Strætó app or with cash on board (exact change required).
  • Key Routes: Route 51 (Reykjavík–Vík) and Route 52 (Selfoss–Landeyjahöfn ferry).
  • Tip: Combine buses with hiking for access to areas like Þórsmörk.

Taxis and Ride-Sharing

Taxis are available in towns like Selfoss and Vík but are expensive for long distances. Ride-sharing apps (e.g., Hopp) operate mainly in Reykjavík and are rare in South Iceland.

  • Cost: High—expect ~10,000 ISK for a short trip (e.g., Vík to Reynisfjara).
  • Booking: Call local companies (e.g., South Coast Taxi) or ask your accommodation to arrange.

Cycling

Cycling is feasible for experienced riders, with scenic routes along the Ring Road and quieter gravel paths. Rentals are available in Selfoss and Hveragerði, but weather can be unpredictable.

  • Bike Paths: Dedicated lanes in towns; otherwise, share roads with vehicles.
  • Challenges: Strong winds and steep terrain near waterfalls.

Walking and Hiking

Many South Iceland highlights—like waterfalls, black sand beaches, and geothermal areas—are accessible via short walks from parking areas. Longer hikes (e.g., Fimmvörðuháls) require planning.

  • Trail Tips: Wear waterproof gear and sturdy shoes; trails can be muddy or icy.
  • Guided Tours: Recommended for glaciers (Sólheimajökull) or highland treks.

Local Ferries

Ferries connect mainland South Iceland to the Westman Islands (Landeyjahöfn to Heimaey) and the Eastfjords (Seatours from Djúpivogur).

  • Westman Islands Ferry: 30-minute crossing; book tickets at herjolfur.is.
  • Schedule: Reduced in winter; check for cancellations due to weather.

Culture

Cultural Identity of South Iceland

South Iceland (Suðurland) is a region where dramatic landscapes shape a resilient and deeply rooted cultural identity. Known for its volcanic plains, black sand beaches, and towering glaciers, the region’s culture is intertwined with nature’s raw power. The people here have a strong connection to folklore, sagas, and traditions born from centuries of living alongside geothermal activity and unpredictable weather. Unlike Reykjavík’s urban vibe, South Iceland’s culture feels more agrarian and community-oriented, with fishing, farming, and storytelling at its core.

Folklore and Sagas

The region is a living museum of Icelandic sagas, particularly the Njáls saga, one of the most famous medieval texts, which unfolds in places like Hvolsvöllur and the Þjórsárdalur valley. Locals take pride in these stories, often referencing them in place names and local lore. The Þingvellir National Park, a UNESCO site, is also nearby, where Iceland’s ancient parliament met, embedding the area with historical significance.

Music and Arts

South Iceland has a thriving folk music scene, with langspil (a traditional Icelandic string instrument) and rimur (epic narrative songs) occasionally performed at local festivals. The region hosts the Reykjavík International Film Festival’s offshoot events in smaller towns like Selfoss, showcasing indie films against backdrops of lava fields and waterfalls. Artisans here often draw inspiration from the land, creating pottery, woolen goods, and jewelry from local materials like lava rock and Icelandic wool.

Cuisine and Local Flavors

South Iceland’s cuisine reflects its self-sufficient heritage. Try hangikjöt (smoked lamb) or plokkfiskur (fish stew), staples in home kitchens. Farm-to-table dining is common, with dairy products like skyr and cheese from Efri-Vík farm standing out. The region’s geothermal energy also means greenhouse-grown tomatoes and herbs, often featured in dishes at restaurants like Friðheimar.

Festivals and Social Customs

Community gatherings are central to life here. The Þjóðhátíð festival in Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands) is a massive celebration with bonfires, singing, and fireworks, drawing Icelanders nationwide. Smaller towns like Hella host sheep round-ups (réttir) in autumn, where locals work together to herd sheep from highland pastures—a tradition dating back centuries.

Language and Dialects

While modern Icelandic is spoken uniformly, older residents in rural South Iceland might still use archaic words or pronunciations, a subtle nod to the region’s isolation. Place names often derive from sagas or natural features, like Eyjafjallajökull (the glacier that famously erupted in 2010), which locals pronounce with practiced ease.